Experimental Esophagitis in Cats Impairs Lower Esophageal Sphincter Pressure

Eastwood, Gregory L.; Castell, Donald O.; Higgs, Richard H.

doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(19)32647-2

Cited by 157 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Animal experiments reveal that instillation of acid into a cat's esophagus results in the reduction of LES pressure. 16 However, healing of esophagitis with omeprazole does not improve LES pressure in patients with erosive disease. The reason for this finding may be that acidinduced damage causes permanent and irreversible alterations in the contractile apparatus of the LES muscle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The minimum pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter, determined by the rapid pull-through method, is an index of severe reflux esophagitis

et al. 2004

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The minimum pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter, determined by the rapid pull-through method, is an index of severe reflux esophagitis

et al. 2004

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“…It is possible, however, that it is due to primary myogenic or neurogenic failure of the LES muscle, but even though there are no definitive data to prove this, it is entirely possible that low LES pressure is secondary to acidinduced damage to the LES muscle. Animal experiments have shown that instillation of acid into the esophagus of a cat results in a decrease in LES pressure [37]. However, treating esophagitis with proton pump inhibitor does not improve LES pressure in patients with RE; the reason may be that acid-induced damage causes permanent and irreversible alteration to the contractile apparatus of the LES muscle.…”

Section: Persistently Absent Basal Les Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whether or not esophageal peristaltic dysfunction is a primary defect or a secondary result of acid-induced esophagitis is not clear, but in animal experiments, acid injury to the esophagus can impair esophageal contractions [37]. The successful treatment of esophagitis, however, is not accompanied by an increase in low contraction amplitude.…”

Section: Esophageal Peristalsis In Patients With Gerdmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of excessive esophageal acid exposure in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease

Iwakiri

2009

Clin J Gastroenterol

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Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), especially reflux esophagitis (RE), is characterized by excessive esophageal acid exposure. Transient lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxation is the major mechanism of acid reflux episodes in both healthy subjects (HS) and patients with GERD. In the sitting position, where acid reflux episodes often occur, there is no difference in the frequency of transient LES relaxations between these two groups; however, in patients with GERD, at 5 cm above the LES, the proportion of acid reflux episodes during transient LES relaxations is significantly greater than in the HS group. This difference is considered to be one of the causes of excessive esophageal acid exposure in patients with GERD, but its cause is still unclear. A recent study, which investigated the proportion of acid reflux episodes during transient LES relaxations at 2 and 7 cm above the LES, showed that there was no difference at 2 cm above the LES between HS and patients with RE, but at 7 cm they were significantly greater in patients with RE than in HS. Evaluation of acid reflux at 2 cm above the LES is difficult to measure, but the proximal extent of refluxate could be one of the important factors of excessive acid esophageal exposure in patients with RE. Ineffective esophageal motility, found in patients with moderate to severe RE, impairs esophageal bolus clearance of acid, therefore both the proximal extent of refluxate and the delay of esophageal bolus clearance of acid could be major causes of excessive esophageal acid exposure. Hiatus hernia also causes acid reflux, due to its association with hypotensive LES, and also impairs esophageal bolus clearance of acid.

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“…the three days AE model esophageal/LES muscle function returns to normal within three weeks after suspension of acid perfusion (Eastwood et al, 1975). Thus this model may be more appropriate to examine signal transduction changes occurring in the earlier stages of esophagitis in cat or humans, when the effects of inflammation may be reversible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These animals were placed on a slant board at a 30j angle during the perfusion to avoid aspiration. This protocol has been shown to produce inflammatory changes in the esophageal mucosa and concurrent reduction in the LES in vivo resting pressure and in vitro spontaneous tone, whereas esophageal perfusion with distilled water had no effect on mucosal appearance or LES resting pressure (Eastwood et al, 1975).…”

Section: Induction Of Esophagitismentioning

confidence: 91%

The alteration of intracellular signaling on the smooth muscle cells contraction in cat esophagitis

Shin

Lee

et al. 2004

Life Sciences

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Experimental Esophagitis in Cats Impairs Lower Esophageal Sphincter Pressure

Cited by 157 publications

References 13 publications

The minimum pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter, determined by the rapid pull-through method, is an index of severe reflux esophagitis

The minimum pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter, determined by the rapid pull-through method, is an index of severe reflux esophagitis

The role of excessive esophageal acid exposure in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease

The alteration of intracellular signaling on the smooth muscle cells contraction in cat esophagitis

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