Experimental evaluation of air-termination systems for wind turbine blades

Abd‐Elhady, Amr M.; Sabiha, Nehmdoh A.; Izzularab, Mohamed A.

doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2013.10.002

Cited by 29 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…So, positive lightning strikes are able to lead to more serious damage to wind turbine blades. This finding is consistent with the experimental results reported in Yokoyama, 2013 and Adb‐Elhady et al, 2014 which were obtained based on IEC 61400: 2010. The agreement verifies the effectiveness of the present experimental method.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is possible to construct an isolated lightning protection tower on the windward side of a wind turbine when the wind is blown in a relatively constant direction to protect the blades. Research has been performed in Japan and Egypt on lightning protection for wind turbine blades to study lightning attachment on the blade surface. The efficiency of different lightning protection systems were tested with a new countermeasure adopting metallic mesh proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrical and thermal performance of different core materials applied in wind turbine blades under lightning strikes

Yan

Wang

et al. 2019

Wind Energy

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Wind turbine blades are subject to lightning strikes, which may result in severe damage of the blade materials. The withstanding performance of different blade materials needs to be classified in order to maximize their operational safety. Lightning impulse voltages were applied to model blades with different core materials (polyvinyl chloride [PVC], polyethylene terephthalate [PET], and balsa wood) to characterize the breakdown points (electrically vulnerable areas) on the blades. It has been found that the areas subjected to puncturing are located in the back part (toward the trailing edge) of the sandwich structure, especially at locations close to the main beam. Model blades made of balsa wood are more susceptible to puncturing breakdown than PVC and PET. High impulse currents were imposed at the most probably stricken spots in the impulse voltage tests to compare the severity of damage for PVC, PET, and balsa wood in an attempt to understand the thermal effect of lightning discharge following the final jump. Results show that balsa wood is most resistive to while PVC suffers most damage due to the thermal impact of lightning. Molecular simulation of the chemical degradation process and thermal gas production dynamics was performed at atomic level to explain the damage mechanisms of the three core materials. The performance data of the blade core materials against lightning strike obtained in the present work provide strong guidance on the optimal design of wind turbine blade structure and selection of blade core material.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical and thermal performance of different core materials applied in wind turbine blades under lightning strikes

Yan

Wang

et al. 2019

Wind Energy

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“…The blades are constructed mainly from carbon reinforced plastic (CRP), glass fibre reinforced plastic (GFRP) and carbon fibre composite (CFC) [7,33]. The conductivity of the blades increases when they are polluted or wet by rain water or covered by dense fog [33].…”

Section: Wind Turbine Lightning Protection Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under such conditions, the blades become vulnerable and are likely to be damaged during lightning strikes. Lightning related damages of the blades are caused for concern because they tend to cause lengthy downtime and the replacement cost of the blades is in the range of 15e20% of the cost of a wind turbine [33].…”

Section: Wind Turbine Lightning Protection Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of multiple lightning strokes on the energy absorbed by MOV surge arresters in wind farms during direct lightning strikes

Malcolm

Aggarwal

2015

Renewable Energy

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a b s t r a c tThis paper proposes a modelling and simulation process for assessing the energy absorption capability of metal oxide varistor (MOV) surge arresters used for lightning protection of wind turbines electrical systems situated in wind farms, when exposed to multiple lightning strokes. A section of an existing wind farm, suitable for lightning transient overvoltage analysis is implemented in the Electromagnetic transients programme-Alternative transients programme (EMTP-ATP) environment and modelled as a test system for analysing the energy absorbed by the medium voltage surge arresters when multiple lightning strokes are terminated on one of the blade of the wind turbines. Two well-established sets of multiple lightning current parameters are employed in the EMTP-ATP simulations; the natural downward negative multiple lightning strokes recommended by CIGRE TB 549 (2013) and the downward positive multiple lightning strokes recommended by IEC 61400-24-2010 for lightning protection level one (LPL1). The results show that the subsequent stroke causes the surge arresters to absorbed less than ten percent additional energy compared to that of the first stroke. This comparative analysis could be found beneficial when designing lightning overvoltage protection system and for selecting the most cost effective and optimal energy absorption capabilities of the surge arresters for the intended wind farms.

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“…Some researchers use long air gap experiment to simulate the behavior of lightning strikes hit on blades with different kinds of receptors [9]- [12]. Simulation work has been done to discover the mechanism of upward inception of wind turbine [13], and to analyze the protection area of receptors [14]. Most manufacturers have decided the strategy of designing blade's LPS according to the research and operation experience.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study on interception failure of lightning protection system of wind turbine blade

Arif

Zhang

et al. 2017

2017 13th International Conference on Emerging Technologies (ICET)

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Abstract-Wind turbine (WT) blades are equipped with lightning protection system (LPS) consisting of receptors and down conductor in order to intercept lightning strikes. However, severe damages caused by lightning strikes still happen frequently, which costs huge losses. In this paper, experiments were conducted to study the lightning interception failure of WT blade LPS, and the results can be useful to improve the optimal design of LPS. Experiments using 5m blade specimen with tip receptor from 1.5MW wind turbine under 3m air gap are conducted to investigate the lightning interception failure of LPS in different orientations and lateral distances (LDs). Factors such as the polarity of lightning strikes, the blade orientation of wind turbine and lateral distance between wind turbine and lightning downward leader were investigated. The lateral distance between downward leader (DL) and wind turbine blade is a key factor which influences the interception efficiency. Three patterns of receptor interception failure are discovered. The protection area shows asymmetry under different lateral distance. Multi-upward leaders (UL) from WT blade have been observed in the experiment.

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Experimental evaluation of air-termination systems for wind turbine blades

Cited by 29 publications

References 6 publications

Electrical and thermal performance of different core materials applied in wind turbine blades under lightning strikes

Electrical and thermal performance of different core materials applied in wind turbine blades under lightning strikes

The impact of multiple lightning strokes on the energy absorbed by MOV surge arresters in wind farms during direct lightning strikes

Experimental study on interception failure of lightning protection system of wind turbine blade

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