“…The large scatter in results can be attributed to a lack of understanding of the development of bond stress along the FRP-concrete interface, especially at the end section where high interfacial stresses are mobilised (Bilotta et al, 2013;Oehlers, 1992;Sharaky et al, 2014;Smith & Teng, 2002a;Spadea et al, 2015;Zhang & Smith, 2017). To improve the bond strength of FRP reinforcement, the use of Near-Surface Mounted (NSM) FRPs was proposed as an alternative to strengthen flexural-dominated RC structures (Al-Mahmoud et al, 2009;Parretti & Nanni, 2004;Sena-Cruz et al, 2016;Al-Saadi et al, 2019;Gravina et al 2018;Laraba et al 2014).…”