Experimental evaluation of early patterns of colonisation of space on rocky shores and seawalls

Bulleri, Fabio

doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2004.12.002

Cited by 58 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…While multi-way ANOVA models have been used in barnacle recruitment studies (e.g. 4 or 5 factors in Jeffery 2000, Bulleri 2005, Lee et al 2006, including spatial and temporal components can add several crossed and nested terms as well as higher order interactions that become difficult to interpret. To test a range of similar factors in soft bottom habitats becomes even more difficult in that sampling is necessarily destructive because cores must be taken to census animals living in these habitats.…”

Section: Post-settlement Factors Influencing Recruitmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complexity and simplification in understanding recruitment in benthic populations

2008

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Research of complex systems and problems * , entities with many dependencies, is often reductionist. The reductionist approach splits systems or problems into different components, and then addresses these components one by one. This approach has been used in the study of recruitment and population dynamics of marine benthic (bottom dwelling) species. Another approach examines benthic population dynamics by looking at a small set of processes. This approach is statistical or model oriented.Simplified approaches identify "macrcoecological" patterns or attempt to identify and model the essential, "first order" elements of the system.The complexity of the recruitment and population dynamics problems stems from the number of processes that can potentially influence benthic populations, including (1) larval pool dynamics, (2) larval transport, (3) settlement, and (4) post-settlement biotic and abiotic processes, as well as larval production.Moreover, these processes are non-linear, some interact, and they may operate at disparate scales. This contribution discusses reductionist and simplified approaches to study benthic recruitment and population dynamics of bottom dwelling marine invertebrates. We first address complexity in two processes known to influence recruitment, larval transport, and post settlement survival to reproduction, and discuss the difficulty in understanding recruitment by looking at relevant processes individually and in isolation. We then address the simplified approach, which reduces the number of processes and makes the problem manageable. We discuss how simplifications and "broad-brush first order approaches" may muddle our understanding of recruitment. Lack of empirical determination of the fundamental processes often results in mistaken inferences, and processes and parameters used in some models can bias our view of processes influencing recruitment. We conclude with a discussion on how to reconcile complex and simplified approaches. Although it appears impossible to achieve a full mechanistic understanding of recruitment by studying all components of the problem in isolation, we suggest that knowledge of these components is essential for simplifying and understanding the system beyond probabilistic description and modeling.* In ecology and other empirical sciences, complexity is used with several connotations. Here we use in the sense of a problem consisting of many parts, and processes with many interactions, and scales.

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Section: Post-settlement Factors Influencing Recruitmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complexity and simplification in understanding recruitment in benthic populations

2008

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“…Based on BrayCurtis similarity matrices on fourth root-transformed data (Clarke and Warwick 2001), two one-way analyses of similarities (ANOSIMs) were performed (Clarke 1993). In addition, the percentage contributions of each taxon to patterns of dissimilarity between treatments were calculated (Clarke 1993), and taxa contributing to at least 10% of the dissimilarity were considered important differentiators (Bulleri 2005). The abundances of these taxa were then analysed by means of separate t-tests (Zar 1999).…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat structure is more important than nutrient supply in modifying mussel bed assemblage in an upwelling area of the Peruvian coast

et al. 2010

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Upwelling intensity modifies coastal primary production and influences individual traits of habitatforming species. Along the Peruvian coast, beds of the mytilid Perumytilus purpuratus provide structurally complex habitats that harbour many organisms. We predict that in the nutrient-rich system of Central Peru, the modification of structural complexity would have stronger effects on the Perumytilus community than nutrient addition. We experimentally examined the effects of nutrient addition on the Perumytilus-dominated assemblage and we evaluated the potential effect of varying shell size on the Perumytilusdominated assemblage. Nutrient addition to the mussel bed with slow-release fertilizers caused no changes in the total macro-and microalgal biomass and did not affect abundances or composition of the assemblage. To explore the effect of structural complexity on the Perumytilus assemblage, we manipulated mussel size with experimental bags containing small and large individuals. Predators, grazers and mobile organisms were more abundant among smaller mussels, with smaller gap volume, whereas the barnacle Jehlius cirratus was more abundant on larger mussels. In conclusion, point-source nutrient addition to the mussel bed did not enhance primary production. However, the modification of structural characteristics related to mussel size induced changes in the faunal assemblage. Thus, it seems that in this nutrient-rich system, nutrient enhancement would not significantly affect Perumytilus and its assemblage, whereas structural habitat seems to play an important role in shaping this community.

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“…Connectivity among fragments of rocky shore may, however, occur mainly via recruitment through the water, rather than by movement across shores after recruitment (e.g. Bulleri 2005). This is further likely because, in the current study, patterns in the assemblages of mobile taxa, capable of moving across the matrix after recruitment, were not very different from those for sessile taxa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Differences between biota in anthropogenically fragmented habitats and in naturally patchy habitats

Goodsell¹,

Chapman²,

Underwood³

2007

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The extent to which the 'fragmented' properties of a landscape have actually been caused by anthropogenic fragmentation is often unknown. We can, however, understand links between spatial patterns of habitat in the current landscape and the biota. Built seawalls in Sydney Harbour, Australia, appear to fragment the natural, intertidal habitat. Rocky shores naturally occur, however, in a landscape of 'fragments', i.e. as patches of natural habitat separated by other natural habitats. To examine the extent to which fragmentation, i.e. due to human disturbance, has affected biota, we compared assemblages in these naturally patchy habitats to those in 'fragmented' habitats. Rocky shores were smaller and further apart from one another when surrounded by artificial habitat (called 'complete fragments') than when surrounded by other natural habitats (called 'natural patches'). This pattern matches the physical properties of 'fragmented landscapes'. We therefore tested whether patterns of diversity of biota in complete fragments, in mixed fragments (with one side adjacent to natural habitat and the other to artificial habitat) and in natural patches can be predicted from current models about the effects of the process of fragmentation. The number of taxa, number of unique taxa and variability in the number of taxa were all greater in natural patches than in mixed and complete fragments, although not all analyses were statistically significant. The current study supports notions that the composition and configuration of 'seascapes' is more important to the ecology of many marine organisms than previously thought.

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Experimental evaluation of early patterns of colonisation of space on rocky shores and seawalls

Cited by 58 publications

References 47 publications

Complexity and simplification in understanding recruitment in benthic populations

Complexity and simplification in understanding recruitment in benthic populations

Habitat structure is more important than nutrient supply in modifying mussel bed assemblage in an upwelling area of the Peruvian coast

Differences between biota in anthropogenically fragmented habitats and in naturally patchy habitats

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