Experimental Evaluation of the Tri-Polarized MIMO Channel Properties Based on a Compact Multimode Antenna

Abstract

Based on a planar and compact antenna, extensive measurements are conducted to investigate the behavior of the colocated tri-polarized multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system working at 3.5 GHz. Several scenarios with different multipath distributions have been considered, including a reverberation chamber (RC) and also some line-of-sight (LOS) and obstructed LOS (OLOS) real-world indoor environments. Many channel parameters of the MIMO system are analyzed based on the measured data, including cross-polarization discrimination (XPD), Ricean K-factor, correlation coefficient (CC), MIMO channel capacity gain (CG), channel eigenvalues, and ellipticity statistic (ES). The results show that for a multi-polarized MIMO system, the effects of polarization coupling and transition depend strongly on the polarimetric scattering characteristic of the environments. Furthermore, in all the scenarios tested, three non-zero eigenvalues of the MIMO channel matrix are obtained, which indicates that three independent subchannels can be supported by the tri-polarized MIMO system. INDEX TERMS Tri-polarized antenna, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), cross-polarization discrimination (XPD), Ricean K-factor, MIMO channel capacity gain (CG), measurement.

Broadband Extended Array Response-Based Subspace Multiparameter Estimation Method for Multipolarized Wireless Channel Measurements

“…Thus, the n s sample of the l seq subsequence in the nth snapshot of the received signal can be denoted by (6), where z n is the complex white Gaussian noise of the nth snapshot and α n,lk represents the fading coefficient of the k l th ray in the nth snapshot. The channel is considered as time-varying for different snapshots.…”

“…Previous works have proved that multipolarized multiple input multiple output (MIMO) outperforms the corresponding unipolarized MIMO in terms of channel capacity in many situations [6]- [8]. Moreover, dual-polarized antenna configurations outperform single polarization in terms of spatial correlation [9].…”

Tripolarizated MIMO: Experimental Analysis and Modeling of Channel Properties in Both Indoor and Outdoor Scenarios

“…Furthermore, it was shown that using a tripolarized antenna can get an extra factor of three in channel capacity, relative to the conventional limit using dual-polarized radio signals [13]. Since tripolarized antennas can provide one more degree of freedom and save space, tripolarized MIMO can be an efficient technology to improve the data rate and spectral efficiency [14,15]. Especially, the tripolarized antenna is potential to be used in massive MIMO systems, which would deploy a large number of antenna elements and take up a large space.…”

Miniature tri‐polarized MIMO slit‐postwall step impedance resonator slot antenna array

“…In the wireless communication environment with abundant multi‐path resources, several channels of uncorrelated channels can be obtained by using multi‐polarization technology 1 . For a multi‐polarized MIMO system, the effects of polarization coupling and transition depend strongly on the polarimetric scattering characteristic of the environments and three independent subchannels can be supported by the tri‐polarized MIMO system 2 …”

“…1 For a multi-polarized MIMO system, the effects of polarization coupling and transition depend strongly on the polarimetric scattering characteristic of the environments and three independent subchannels can be supported by the tri-polarized MIMO system. 2 At present, various types of tri-polarized antennas have been proposed. A tri-polarized antenna consisted of two dipoles and a current loop improve the channel capacity.…”