Experimental evidence for the efficient “dry deposition” of nitric acid on calcite

Fenter, Frederick F.; Caloz, François; Rossi, Michel J.

doi:10.1016/1352-2310(95)00183-y

Cited by 57 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The heterogeneous reaction of O 3 (and of HNO 3 and sulphate) on mineral dust aerosol is well established by laboratory studies (Fenter et al, 1995;Crowley 2003, 2001). A number of global modelling studies have simulated the effect of mineral dust on O 3 , and find that uptake of HNO 3 and O 3 near and downwind of the Sahara result in O 3 reductions of between 8.5 % and 25 % (Bauer et al, 2004;Bian and Zender 2003;Liao and Seinfeld 2005;Tie et al, 2005).…”

Section: O3/co Ratios: Influence Of Air Mass Origin and Dustmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal characteristics of tropical marine boundary layer air measured at the Cape Verde Atmospheric Observatory

et al. 2010

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Observations of the tropical atmosphere are fundamental to the understanding of global changes in air quality, atmospheric oxidation capacity and climate, yet the tropics are under-populated with long-term measurements. The first three years (October 2006 -September 2009) of meteorological, trace gas and particulate data from the global WMO/Global Atmospheric Watch (GAW) Cape Verde Atmospheric Observatory Humberto Duarte Fonseca (CVAO; 16° 51' N, 24° 52' W) are presented, along with a characterisation of the origin and pathways of air masses arriving at the station using the NAME dispersion model and simulations of dust deposition using the COSMO-MUSCAT dust model. The observations show a strong influence from Saharan dust in winter with a maximum in super-micron aerosol and particulate iron and aluminium. The dust model results match the magnitude and daily variations of dust events, but in the region of the CVAO underestimate the measured aerosol optical thickness (AOT) because of contributions from other aerosol. The NAME model also captured the dust events, giving confidence in its ability to correctly identify air mass origins and pathways in this region. Dissolution experiments on collected dust samples showed a strong correlation between soluble Fe and Al and measured solubilities were lower at high atmospheric dust concentrations.Fine mode aerosol at the CVAO contains a significant fraction of non-sea salt components including dicarboxylic acids, methanesulfonic acid and aliphatic amines, all believed to be of oceanic origin. A marine influence is also apparent in the year-round presence of iodine and bromine monoxide (IO and BrO), with IO suggested to be confined mainly to the surface few hundred metres but BrO well mixed in the boundary layer. Enhanced CO 2 and CH 4 and depleted oxygen concentrations are markers for air-sea exchange over the nearby northwest African coastal upwelling area. Long-range transport results in generally higher levels of O 3 and anthropogenic non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) in air originating from North America. Ozone/CO ratios were highest (up to 0.42) in European air masses that contain relatively less well-aged air. In air heavily influenced by Saharan dust the O 3 /CO ratio was as low as 0.13, possibly indicating O 3 uptake to dust. Nitrogen oxides (NO x and NO y ) show generally higher concentrations in winter when air mass origins are predominantly from Africa. High photochemical activity at the site is shown by maximum spring/summer concentrations of OH and HO 2 of 9 × 10 6 molecule cm -3 and 6 × 10 8 molecule cm -3 , respectively. After the primary photolysis source, the chemistry of IO and BrO, the abundance of HCHO, and aerosol uptake are important for the HO x budget in this region.3

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Section: O3/co Ratios: Influence Of Air Mass Origin and Dustmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal characteristics of tropical marine boundary layer air measured at the Cape Verde Atmospheric Observatory

et al. 2010

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“…Previous laboratory studies performed using a Knudsen cell flow reactor have extensively supported the reactivity of HNO 3 on CaCO 3 , marble, mineral dust surrogates and metal oxides (Fenter et al, 1995;Frinak et al, 2004;Hanisch and Crowley, 2001a;Underwood et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The heterogeneous chemical kinetics of N2O5 on CaCO3 and other atmospheric mineral dust surrogates

2006

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Abstract.Uptake experiments of N 2 O 5 on several mineral dust powder samples were carried out under continuous molecular flow conditions at 298±2 K. At [N 2 O 5 ] 0 =(4.0±1.0)×10 11 cm −3 we have found γ ss values ranging from (3.5±1.1)×10 −2 for CaCO 3 to (0.20±0.05) for Saharan Dust with γ ss decreasing as [N 2 O 5 ] 0 increased. The uptake coefficients reported in this work are to be regarded as upper limiting values owing to the fact that they are based on the geometric (projected) surface area of the mineral dust sample. We have observed delayed production of HNO 3 upon uptake of N 2 O 5 for every investigated sample owing to hydrolysis of N 2 O 5 with surface-adsorbed H 2 O. Arizona Test Dust and Kaolinite turned out to be the samples that generated the largest amount of gas phase HNO 3 with respect to N 2 O 5 taken up. In contrast, the yield of HNO 3 for Saharan Dust and CaCO 3 is lower. On CaCO 3 the disappearance of N 2 O 5 was also accompanied by the formation of CO 2 . For CaCO 3 sample masses ranging from 0.33 to 2.0 g, the yield of CO 2 was approximately 42-50% with respect to the total number of N 2 O 5 molecules taken up. The reaction of N 2 O 5 with mineral dust and the subsequent production of gas phase HNO 3 lead to a decrease in [NO x ] which may have a significant effect on global ozone.

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“…Several research groups measured γ HNO 3 onto various types of dust particle, from proxy species of dust particles (e.g., α-Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , CaCO 3 etc) to authentic Saharan and Gobi dust. However, a large difference in the magnitude of γ HNO 3 onto dust particles has been reported (Johnson et al, 2005;Umann et al, 2005;Harnisch and Crowley, 2001a, b;Underwood et al, 2001a, b;Fenter et al, 1995), as presented in Table 1. Here, the first group of γ HNO 3 has an order of magnitude from 10 -1 to ~10 -2 (Umann et al, 2005;Harnisch and Crowley, 2001a, b;Fenter et al, 1995), compared to a range from ~10 -3 to ~10 -5 for the second group (Johnson et al, 2005;Underwood et al, 2001a, b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on Three Factors Influencing Uptake Rates of Nitric Acid onto Dust Particles

Song¹,

Kim²

2011

Asian J. Atmos. Environ

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Recent studies have indicated that the observed nitric acid (HNO 3 ) uptake rates (R HNO 3 ) onto dust particles are much slower than R HNO 3 used in the previous modeling studies. Three factors that possibly affect R HNO 3 onto dust particles are discussed in this study:(1) the magnitude of reaction probability of HNO 3 (γ HNO 3 ), (2) aerosol surface areas, and (3) gas-phase HNO 3 mixing ratio. Through the discussion presented here, it is shown that the use of accurate γ HNO 3 is of primary importance. We suggest that the use of γ HNO 3 values between ~10-3 and ~10 -5 produces more realistic results than the use of γ HNO 3 values betweeñ 10 -1 and ~10 -2 does, more accurately modeling the nitrate formation characteristics on/in dust particles. We also discuss two different types of aerosol surface area, active and geometric, since the use of different aerosol surface areas often leads to an erroneous result in R HNO 3 . In addition, the levels of the gas-phase HNO 3 are investigated with the example cases of TRACE-P DC-8 flights in East Asia. The HNO 3 levels were found to be relatively high, indicating that they can not limit nitrate formation in dust particles.

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Experimental evidence for the efficient “dry deposition” of nitric acid on calcite

Cited by 57 publications

References 9 publications

Seasonal characteristics of tropical marine boundary layer air measured at the Cape Verde Atmospheric Observatory

Seasonal characteristics of tropical marine boundary layer air measured at the Cape Verde Atmospheric Observatory

The heterogeneous chemical kinetics of N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> on CaCO<sub>3</sub> and other atmospheric mineral dust surrogates

A Study on Three Factors Influencing Uptake Rates of Nitric Acid onto Dust Particles

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Experimental evidence for the efficient “dry deposition” of nitric acid on calcite

Cited by 57 publications

References 9 publications

Seasonal characteristics of tropical marine boundary layer air measured at the Cape Verde Atmospheric Observatory

Seasonal characteristics of tropical marine boundary layer air measured at the Cape Verde Atmospheric Observatory

The heterogeneous chemical kinetics of N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt; on CaCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; and other atmospheric mineral dust surrogates

A Study on Three Factors Influencing Uptake Rates of Nitric Acid onto Dust Particles

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The heterogeneous chemical kinetics of N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> on CaCO<sub>3</sub> and other atmospheric mineral dust surrogates