Experimental evidence for tipping points in social convention

Centola, Damon; Becker, Joshua; Brackbill, Devon; Baronchelli, Andrea

doi:10.1126/science.aas8827

Cited by 517 publications

(386 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Our results are important because they provide a theoretical foundation for, and a phenomenological explanation to, seemingly different experimental findings [23][24][25][26]. These works reported critical mass levels needed to change an established equilibrium of 10% in some experiments and 30−40% in others, in apparent contradiction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 54%

“…The resulting model thus displays a rich complex phenomenology, remaining very flexible, and able to cover a wide range of systems. We round off the paper by discussing several implications of our study, and most notably, the role of critical mass dynamics in social contagion, providing new insights that could help explaining reported differences in experimental results [23][24][25][26].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Social contagion models on hypergraphs

Arruda

Petri

Moreno

2020

Phys. Rev. Research

197

143

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Our understanding of the dynamics of complex networked systems has increased significantly in the last two decades. However, most of our knowledge is built upon assuming pairwise relations among the system's components. This is often an oversimplification, for instance, in social interactions that occur frequently within groups. To overcome this limitation, here we study the dynamics of social contagion on hypergraphs. We develop an analytical framework and provide numerical results for arbitrary hypergraphs, which we also support with Monte Carlo simulations. Our analyses show that the model has a vast parameter space, with first and second-order transitions, bi-stability, and hysteresis. Phenomenologically, we also extend the concept of latent heat to social contexts, which might help understanding oscillatory social behaviors. Our work unfolds the research line of higher-order models and the analytical treatment of hypergraphs, posing new questions and paving the way for modeling dynamical processes on these networks. δi

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mentioning

confidence: 54%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Social contagion models on hypergraphs

Arruda

Petri

Moreno

2020

Phys. Rev. Research

197

143

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Is there any reason, other than academic, to distinguish between continuous and discontinuous phase transitions? In the face of the social observations, and more recently also laboratory experiments, it seems that discontinuous phase transitions are particularly important, mainly because of the notion of the social hysteresis and the critical mass [49][50][51][52][53]. Both phenomena are strictly related to discontinuous phase transitions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homogeneous Symmetrical Threshold Model with Nonconformity: Independence versus Anticonformity

Nowak

Sznajd-Weron

2019

Complexity

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We study two variants of the modified Watts threshold model with a noise (with nonconformity, in the terminology of social psychology) on a complete graph. Within the first version, a noise is introduced via so-called independence, whereas in the second version anticonformity plays the role of a noise, which destroys the order. The modified Watts threshold model, studied here, is homogeneous and posses an up-down symmetry, which makes it similar to other binary opinion models with a single-flip dynamics, such as the majority-vote and the q-voter models. Because within the majority-vote model with independence only continuous phase transitions are observed, whereas within the q-voter model with independence also discontinuous phase transitions are possible, we ask the question about the factor, which could be responsible for discontinuity of the order parameter. We investigate the model via the mean-field approach, which gives the exact result in the case of a complete graph, as well as via Monte Carlo simulations. Additionally, we provide a heuristic reasoning, which explains observed phenomena. We show that indeed, if the threshold r = 0.5, which corresponds to the majority-vote model, an order-disorder transition is continuous. Moreover, results obtained for both versions of the model (one with independence and the second one with anticonformity) give the same results, only rescaled by the factor of 2. However, for r > 0.5 the jump of the order parameter and the hysteresis is observed for the model with independence, and both versions of the model give qualitatively different results.

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“…This view finds support in recent research that highlighted the possibility of minority groups overturning community norms when they reach a critical mass (Centola, Becker, Brackbill, & Baronchelli, 2018). My subhypothesis is that CPIs cannot resist the invasion of defectors unless their organizational features evolve.…”

Section: Labour Migrations and "Roving Bandits"mentioning

confidence: 72%

Managing the fishery commons at Marseille: How a medieval institution failed to accommodate change in an age of globalization

Grisel

2019

Fish and Fisheries

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This paper offers a socio‐historical study of the Prud'homie de pêche (the “Prud'homie”), a common‐pool institution (“CPI”) that has managed the fishery commons at Marseille since the Middle Ages. The evidence presented here sheds light on specific challenges faced by the Prud'homie during the early stages of globalization: one challenge is the import of a new fishing technique (the madrague) in the early 17th century, and another challenge is the arrival of migrant fishermen from Catalonia throughout the 18th century. On this basis, this paper explores the ways in which globalization has impacted the Prud'homie and identifies the mechanisms through which these challenges might threaten the functioning of CPIs.

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Experimental evidence for tipping points in social convention

Cited by 517 publications

References 31 publications

Social contagion models on hypergraphs

Social contagion models on hypergraphs

Homogeneous Symmetrical Threshold Model with Nonconformity: Independence versus Anticonformity

Managing the fishery commons at Marseille: How a medieval institution failed to accommodate change in an age of globalization

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