2015
DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2015.0056
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Experimental evolution gone wild

Abstract: Because of their large population sizes and rapid cell division rates, marine microbes have, or can generate, ample variation to fuel evolution over a few weeks or months, and subsequently have the potential to evolve in response to global change. Here we measure evolution in the marine diatom Skeletonema marinoi evolved in a natural plankton community in CO2-enriched mesocosms deployed in situ. Mesocosm enclosures are typically used to study how the species composition and biogeochemistry of marine communitie… Show more

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Cited by 62 publications
(55 citation statements)
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“…Our results add to the growing literature showing that plankton species are capable of rapid evolutionary adaptation to changing conditions; for example, in response to rising CO 2 levels (6,8,9), increasing temperature (42,43), and changes in predation pressure (44,45). A key advance of the present work is that the adaptive changes could be linked to specific genetic and molecular traits, which enabled monitoring of natural selection not only in confined laboratory experiments but also in lakes.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 50%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Our results add to the growing literature showing that plankton species are capable of rapid evolutionary adaptation to changing conditions; for example, in response to rising CO 2 levels (6,8,9), increasing temperature (42,43), and changes in predation pressure (44,45). A key advance of the present work is that the adaptive changes could be linked to specific genetic and molecular traits, which enabled monitoring of natural selection not only in confined laboratory experiments but also in lakes.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 50%
“…Thus far, however, the specific genetic and molecular adaptations to rising CO 2 favored by natural selection are not well understood. Furthermore, adaptation to changing CO 2 conditions has rarely been investigated within complex species assemblages (9) and, to our knowledge, has never been reported from natural waters.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, differences in evolutionary responses to environmental change between species is also likely to drive changes in primary production and carbon export. For example, mesocosm studies suggest that non-calcifying picoplankton, such as Ostreococcus, may become more frequent in future oceans, as they are less adversely affected by elevated CO 2 levels than calcifying phytoplankton (Riebesell et al, 2008;Scheinin et al, 2015). Calcifying phytoplankton (for example, coccolithophores) and non-calcyfying phytoplankton (for example, diatoms and green algae) belong to different functional groups (Falkowski et al, 1998) and have different roles in ecosystem functions and services, which means that the relationship between within-group evolution and ecosystem function is likely complex.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In turn, improved understanding of physiological sensitivities can help to guide the design and implementation of community‐level experiments. A hybrid experimental design in which subsamples from natural community experiments are interrogated physiologically (Sosik & Olson, ), or for their acclimatory (discrete incubators within mesocosms), or evolutionary (Scheinin, Riebesell, Rynearson, Lohbeck, & Collins, ; Tatters, Roleda, et al., ; Tatters, Schnetzer, et al., ), responses could be a first step in this direction. Research on ocean global change would also greatly benefit from more detailed consideration of ecological theory, which to date has been included only peripherally (Gaylord et al., ).…”
Section: Bridging Between Physiological Responses and Ecosystem Impactsmentioning
confidence: 99%