Experimental fracture resistance study for cracked bovine femur bone samples

Abstract

Crack growth and brittle fracture is one of the major failure modes in bone materials and therefore understanding the fracture behavior and affecting parameters on the crack growth resistance of bone is necessary for biomechanics researchers. In this paper, mode I fracture toughness value for the left and right femur bones of same bovine were measured experimentally using several single edge notch bend beam specimens (SENB) subjected to three-point bend loading in dry condition. The SENB specimens were cut along the longitudinal axis of bone but from different hoop directions. Fracture toughness results of sample prepared from the frontal part of bone were higher than the back or side sections. Depending on the location of sample, the fracture toughness of femur bone was varied from 5 to 10 MPa m. Furthermore, the results obtained for similar location of both left and right femur bones were nearly identical. The fracture energy (Gf) of the tested specimens was also measured and it was found that a linear relation can be fitted to the (K Ic) 2 versus G f results of the tested bovine bone.

Preliminary results on the effects of orthopedic implant stiffness fixed to the cut end of the femur on the stress at the stump-prosthetic interface

“…The coefficient of friction between the liner and soft tissue was assumed to be 0.5 [13,20]. Although the bone is considered quasi-brittle material [21,22], however, it is responsible for carrying human weight. In this study static vertical load equivalent to the half body weight [23] 350 N (two-leg stance) was applied on the femoral bone head, the distal end of the socket was fixed.…”

Methodological Aspects of Rat Bone Mechanical Impact

“…Classic methods of testing the mechanical properties of bones are based on quasi-static analysis. This analysis allows for the description of the sample's response when it is acted on by a single force [4][5][6][7] According to the literature data the load direction affects the cortical bone's fracture mechanism and it is related to the osteon's alignment [7]. Higher resistance to fracture was observed for samples with osteons aligned perpendicularly to the loading direction.…”

“…Higher resistance to fracture was observed for samples with osteons aligned perpendicularly to the loading direction. This was related to the biaxial stress state caused by bending and shear stress occurrence [6,7]. Trabecular bone as a dynamic, remodeling tissue is consisted of a calcified bone matrix and marrow.…”