Experimental gingivitis in patients with and without altered passive eruption

Abstract

BackgroundIndividuals with altered passive eruption (APE) are assumed to be more susceptible to periodontal diseases. To date, this hypothesis has not been sufficiently supported by scientific evidence. The aim of this study, using an experimental gingivitis model, was to examine the development and resolution of gingival inflammation in patients with APE when compared to patients with normal gingival anatomy.MethodsA localized experimental gingivitis was induced in 9 patients with APE (test group) and 9 patients without APE (control group) in the maxillary right quadrant. After 21 days, patients were instructed to resume proper home oral hygiene procedures. At baseline (day 0) and at days 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42, plaque index (PlI), gingival index (GI), and gingival crevicular fluid volume (GCF) were evaluated for teeth 6 (canine), 7 (lateral incisor) and 8 (central incisor) of test and control groups.ResultsDuring the experimental gingivitis phase (days 0 to 21), the rate of change in gingival inflammation (GI) was dramatically different between the APE test group and the control group. On day 21, at the time of maximum plaque accumulation, the GI of the APE test group was a 109% greater than the GI of the test group (P ≤ 0.001) despite similar plaque levels (P = 0.436). During the resolution of inflammation phase (days 22 to 42), the APE test group continued to exhibit statistically higher GI scores than the control group (P = 0.029).ConclusionIn the presence of similar amounts of plaque deposits and plaque accumulation rates, APE patients exhibited differences in the development and resolution of plaque‐induced gingival inflammation when compared to controls.

Tratamiento estético de la sonrisa gingival

“…Se ha sido evidenciado que la encía de los pacientes con EPA muestran signos de inflamación incluso después de un intervalo de tiempo prolongado en un estudio histológico (9). Incluso, se fundamenta que los pacientes con EPA son más susceptibles a padecer enfermedad periodontal (10). (Tabla 2).…”

Simultaneous Esthetic Crown Lengthening and Frenotomy Procedure for Smile Rejuvenation

“…12,13 Hasil yang berbeda terkait dengan kurang jelasnya kriteria diagnostik. 14,15 Tahapan penting dalam penatalaksanaan GS adalah mengidentifikasi etiologinya, sehingga dapat ditentukan rencana perawatan dan hasil yang akan dicapai. Pemeriksaan penunjang yang diperlukan untuk mendiagnosis GS dan etiologinya meliputi analisis wajah frontal dan lateral, analisis bibir statis dan dinamis, garis bibir, jarak interlabial dan tampilan gigi seri saat istirahat, dan pemeriksaan periodontal lengkap.…”

Assessment of Negative Gingival Recession: A Critical Component of Periodontal Diagnosis

“…Together, these two processes determine the position of the DGJ [10]. Clinically, APE is associated with excessive gingival display (gummy smile), short clinical crowns, and predisposition to gingival inflammation [30,31]. The prevalence of APE ranged from 12.1% to 29.5% and was found to be more common in patients with a thick periodontal phenotype [32,33].…”

“…However, it was suggested that bone sounding could be challenging in patients with APE, due to the long tightly attached epithelium and the proximity of the buccal bone crest to the CEJ (in subtype B) [44]. In summary, though several approaches exist, most experts agree that a facial negative GR of ≥3 mm is indicative of APE [11,30,33].…”