Experimental immunisation of hamsters with lipopolysaccharide antigens of Leptospira interrogans

Jost, B. Helen; Adler, Ben; Faine, S.

doi:10.1099/00222615-29-2-115

Cited by 52 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Most of the outer envelope proteins and the low MW carbohydrate antigen were shown to be cross-reactive antigens, of which the low MW carbohydrate antigen may be useful in an early genus-reactive diagnostic test. As LPS elicits opsonic and protective antibodies [13,[27][28][29]30], lacks endotoxic activity [31] and has been shown to be a major protective antigen involved in the human antibody response to infection with other leptospiral serovars [7,9], LPS components may be useful as immunizing agents. Studies are currently being undertaken to further define the components of LPS and other antigens involved in the immune response to infection with leptospires.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antigens recognized by the human immune response to severe leptospirosis in Barbados

et al. 1991

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SUMMARYSerum samples obtained from patients hospitalized in Barbados with severe leptospirosis were tested by the microscopic agglutination test (MAT), enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and immunoblotting with leptospires that had been isolated from these patients. While serum samples taken a few days after onset of symptoms often showed no apparent correlation between MAT and EIA, later sequential serum samples produced similar profiles in both tests during the course of infection. Immunoblotting sonicate from Leptospira interrogans serovars arborea, copenhageni and bim with patients' sera, revealed reactions with a number of bands that corresponded with outer envelope components. These components included lipopolysaccharide (LPS), flagella and other outer membrane proteins, in addition to a low-molecular-weight (MW) carbohydrate cross-reactive with members of the Leptospiraceae. IgM antibodies elicited in the first to second week after infection reacted mainly with LPS and the low-MW cross-reactive carbohydrate. Comparative analysis of isolates of the same serovar by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting showed that while two serovar arborea isolates were identical, serovar bim isolates differed significantly from each other. This difference was also observed in comparative MAT testing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antigens recognized by the human immune response to severe leptospirosis in Barbados

et al. 1991

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“…LPS is highly immunogenic, which explains the initial microscopic agglutination test titer in such cases. Additionally, the expression of Oag by in vitro-cultivated Leptospira during experimental challenge also explains why anti-Oag monoclonal antibodies provide protection against homologous but not heterologous infection (17). We have not yet established at what point during lethal infection the diminution of Oag content occurs, as the liver-derived HTL data were obtained from guinea pigs sacrificed when they were moribund.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Lipopolysaccharide O Antigen Distinguish Acute versus Chronic Leptospira interrogans Infections

et al. 2005

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Leptospirosis is the most geographically widespread zoonotic disease in the world. A severe pulmonary form of leptospirosis (SPFL) is being recognized with increased frequency. We have reported that human SPFL isolates of Leptospira cause acute lethal infection with prominent pulmonary hemorrhage in guinea pigs. We have found that the same SPFL strains cause asymptomatic infection and chronic renal shedding in rats, where infection is restricted to the renal tubules. To address the antigenic composition of host tissue-derived Leptospira (HTL), motile leptospires were purified from guinea pig liver by centrifugation on Percoll density gradients and compared to Percoll-purified in vitro-cultivated Leptospira (IVCL). The lipopolysaccharide O antigen (Oag) content of guinea pig liver-derived HTL was markedly reduced compared to that of IVCL, as demonstrated both by immunoblotting with a monoclonal antibody that was serovar specific for Oag and by periodate-silver staining. Confocal microscopy of HTL in guinea pig liver and kidney with the Oag-specific monoclonal antibody provided further evidence that diminution of the Oag content occurred in situ during lethal infection. In contrast, the Oag content of HTL in chronically infected rat renal tubules was indistinguishable from that of IVCL. These findings suggest that there may be regulation of Oag synthesis by Leptospira specific to the animal host infected. The hypothesis that the Oag content is related to whether lethal infection or chronic renal tubular colonization occurs remains to be tested.

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“…Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major component of the leptospiral cell surface (10a, 41). It is the target antigen for antibodies that are agglutinating, opsonic, and protective (3,11,23,24). However, LPS-mediated immunity is restricted to serovars which are antigenically related.…”

Section: Cells) Offering the Potential To Analyze Bacterial Surface Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Surfaceome of Leptospira spp

et al. 2005

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The identification of the subset of outer membrane proteins exposed on the surface of a bacterial cell (the surfaceome) is critical to understanding the interactions of bacteria with their environments and greatly narrows the search for protective antigens of extracellular pathogens. The surfaceome of Leptospira was investigated by biotin labeling of viable leptospires, affinity capture of the biotinylated proteins, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and mass spectrometry (MS). The leptospiral surfaceome was found to be predominantly made up of a small number of already characterized proteins, being in order of relative abundance on the cell surface: LipL32 > LipL21 > LipL41. Of these proteins, only LipL32 had not been previously identified as surface exposed. LipL32 surface exposure was subsequently verified by three independent approaches: surface immunofluorescence, whole-cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunoelectron microscopy. Three other proteins, Q8F8Q0 (a putative transmembrane outer membrane protein) and two proteins of 20 kDa and 55 kDa that could not be identified by MS, one of which demonstrated a high degree of labeling potentially representing an additional, as-yet-uncharacterized, surface-exposed protein. Minor labeling of p31 LipL45 , GroEL, and FlaB1 was also observed. Expression of the surfaceome constituents remained unchanged under a range of conditions investigated, including temperature and the presence of serum or urine. Immunization of mice with affinity-captured surface components stimulated the production of antibodies that bound surface proteins from heterologous leptospiral strains. The surfaceomics approach is particularly amenable to protein expression profiling using small amounts of sample (<10 7 cells) offering the potential to analyze bacterial surface expression during infection.

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Experimental immunisation of hamsters with lipopolysaccharide antigens of Leptospira interrogans

Cited by 52 publications

References 11 publications

Antigens recognized by the human immune response to severe leptospirosis in Barbados

Antigens recognized by the human immune response to severe leptospirosis in Barbados

Changes in Lipopolysaccharide O Antigen Distinguish Acute versus Chronic Leptospira interrogans Infections

Surfaceome of Leptospira spp

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