Experimental infection of chickens by a flagellated motile strain of Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum biovar Gallinarum

Lopes, Priscila Diniz; Neto, Oliveiro Caetano de Freitas; Batista, Diego Felipe Alves; Denadai, Janine; Fernandez-Alarcon, M. F.; Almeida, A. Bugalho de; Vasconcelos, Rosemeri de Oliveira; Setta, Ahmed; Barrow, Paul; Berchieri, Ângelo

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.05.006

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Loss of lymphoid tissue and degeneration of the bursa, has been reported by Garcia et al, Kumari et al and Lopes et al, who suggested that the lesions of the bursa could have resulted from adverse physiological conditions related with Salmonella infection, like anorexia, dehydration, anemia, etc. [44][45][46]. It should be noted that in broilers challenged with S. typhimurium, but treated with the synbiotic, the lesions occurred only at 22 and 32 days of life and showed less intensity when compared to untreated broilers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of a Synbiotic Mix on Lymphoid Organs of Broilers Infected with Salmonella typhimurium and Clostridium perfringens

Villagrán

Vázquez-Paulino

Avalos

et al. 2020

Animals

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Synbiotic consumption can modulate immune response. This work involves studying the effect of a synbiotic on lymphoid organs and IgA of broilers infected with Salmonella typhimurium and Clostridium perfringens. A total of 258 one-day-old male broilers (Gallus gallus domesticus), line COBBAvian48 (free of growth-promoting antibiotics), were distributed into eight treatment groups. A symbiotic mix comprising Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 and Pediococcus acidilactici MA18/5 M as probiotics and 4.5% (0.045 g g−1) of Agave tequilana fructans as prebiotic per dose (one milliliter) was administered through drinking water the first day of life. Bursa, spleen and thymus were analyzed. Broilers treated with the synbiotic, whether or not infected with pathogens, had bigger bursa follicles than the non-treated (p < 0.05), and the ones from the synbiotic group had more lymphocytes than the control group (p < 0.05). Thymus follicles of the synbiotic group were bigger than the control group (p < 0.05). Lesions associated with Salmonella infection were found in the bursa, however, in the broilers treated with the synbiotic, the lesions were less intense and were not present after 32 days of life. The synbiotic mix can stimulate the bursa, increasing the size of their follicles and promoting the ability to resist infections caused by S. typhimurium in broilers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of a Synbiotic Mix on Lymphoid Organs of Broilers Infected with Salmonella typhimurium and Clostridium perfringens

Villagrán

Vázquez-Paulino

Avalos

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…449/87 (SP449/87) were used as positive controls of fowl typhoid and pullorum disease, respectively. SG287/91 also provided the genetic background for constructing the mutant strains because its genome has been completely sequenced [ 13 ] and its pathogenicity has already been characterised by our group [ 29 , 30 ]. Site-directed mutagenesis was performed according to Datsenko and Wanner [ 31 ] as follows: The antibiotic-resistance gene plus the FRT sites were amplified from the pKD3 (AY048742.1) or pKD4 (AY048743.1) plasmids through PCR by way of 70-bp hybrid primers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They were housed in metal cages in a temperature controlled room with a 16-hour light-dark cycle at the School of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences. On arrival, cloacal swabs were taken and cultured [ 30 ] in order to exclude infection by Salmonella spp. They received water and antibiotic-free, balanced feed without any nutritional restriction.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of pathogenicity of Salmonella Gallinarum strains harbouring deletions in genes whose orthologues are conserved pseudogenes in S. Pullorum

et al. 2018

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The diseases caused by Salmonella Gallinarum and S. Pullorum in chickens known as fowl typhoid and pullorum disease, respectively, pose a great threat to the poultry industry mainly in developing countries, since they have already been controlled in the developed ones. These bacteria are very similar at the genomic level but develop distinct host-pathogen relationships with chickens. Therefore, a deep understanding of the molecular mechanisms whereby S. Gallinarum and S. Pullorum interact with the host could lead to the development of new approaches to control and, perhaps, eradicate both diseases from the chicken flocks worldwide. Based on our previous study, it was hypothesised that metabolism-related pseudogenes, fixed in S. Pullorum genomes, could play a role in the distinct host-pathogen interaction with susceptible chickens. To test this idea, three genes (idnT, idnO and ccmH) of S. Gallinarum str. 287/91, which are pseudogenes on the S. Pullorum chromosomes, were inactivated by mutations. These genetically engineered strains grew well on the solid media without any colony morphology difference. In addition, similar growth curves were obtained by cultivation in M9 minimal medium containing D-gluconate as the sole carbon source. Infection of chickens with idnTO mutants led to increased numbers of bacteria in the livers and spleens at 5 days post-infection, but with slightly decreased heterophil infiltration in the spleens when compared to the wild-type strain. On the other hand, no significant phenotypic change was caused by mutation to ccmH genes. Apart from the above-mentioned alterations, all S. Gallinarum strains provoked similar infections, since mortality, clinical signs, macroscopic alterations and immune response were similar to the infected chickens. Therefore, according to the model applied to this study, mutation to the idnTO and ccmH genes showed minor impact on the fowl typhoid pathogenesis and so they may be relics from the ancestor genome. Our data hints at a more complex mechanism driving the distinct host-pathogen interaction of S. Gallinarum/Pullorum with chickens than differential inactivation of a few genes.

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“…Besides, it leads to inversion of the jejunum and part of the duodenum that is manifested through venous infarction, periportal focal coagulative necrosis of the liver and granulomatous inflammation of the cecal tonsils. [6,[22][23][24] The infectious process is accompanied by inflammatory changes in the blind appendages of the intestine that is causing immunosuppression, and in case of mucosal membrane break, promotes the penetration of bacterial toxins and vasoactive factors into the systemic circulatory system (toxemia) and the formation of multiple foci of necrosis in the liver. [25] Identification of pathogens is complicated due to common antigenic structure and genomic sequence similarity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

Sotnikova

2017

AJP

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Aim: The aim of this study is to study pathological processes dynamics at experimental infestation of chickens with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis bacteria. Materials and Methods: Bacteria were cultured on the Hottinger medium. The presence of toxins was assessed using "dilatation of the intestine" and "vascular permeability" tests. For the first test, the investigated liquid with bacteria was administered intranasally, the results were evaluated by comparing the weight difference of lungs, while for the second test the investigated liquid was administered per rectum determining after 4 h the ratio of the weight of the small intestine with the contents to body weight. For morphological studies, histological sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. For representative information, preparations were examined under optical microscopy "H604 TrinocularUnico" (USA), stereoscopic microscopy "BIOMED MS-1 Stereo" (Russia), and scanning electron microscopy "Hitachi-800" with scanning add-on device (Japan). Results: At the formation of biofilms consisting of Y. pseudotuberculosis bacteria, we observed the formation of extracellular matrix, which covered the closed structures of various sizes consisting of bacterial cells, followed by subsequent formation of clusters. At the experimental toxemia of chickens, we identified in general exudative-infiltrative processes, the proliferation of antigen-primed lymphocyte, macrophage infiltration of the sinuses of the lymphoid organs, and increasing number of T-lymphocytes. At violation of the porosity in blood vessels of organs of the cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, and excretory systems, we noted signs of hemocirculation disorders, extensive swelling, liberation of formed elements of blood and the fibrinogenation, dystrophic and necrotic processes, as well as numerous caseous necrotic foci infiltrated by leukocytes, which were revealed in the parenchymatous organs. Conclusion: When culturing Y. pseudotuberculosis bacteria, we observed the intercellular matrix and the formation of biofilms. At experimental toxemia of chickens, the pathological process dynamics was characterized by exudative and infiltrative processes, general vascular reaction, toxic myocardial dystrophy, atrophy of bursa fabricii, dystrophic, and necrotic processes in the Garder glands, Meckel's diverticulum, serous-fibrinous aerosacculitis, broken wind, signs of enterosorption, and hepatorenal syndrome.

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Experimental infection of chickens by a flagellated motile strain of Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum biovar Gallinarum

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of a Synbiotic Mix on Lymphoid Organs of Broilers Infected with Salmonella typhimurium and Clostridium perfringens

Effect of a Synbiotic Mix on Lymphoid Organs of Broilers Infected with Salmonella typhimurium and Clostridium perfringens

Evaluation of pathogenicity of Salmonella Gallinarum strains harbouring deletions in genes whose orthologues are conserved pseudogenes in S. Pullorum

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