Experimental infection of conventional pigs with a ‘Brachyspira hampsonii’ isolate recovered from a migrating waterfowl in Spain

Aller-Morán, Luis Miguel; Martínez-Lobo, Francisco Javier; Rubio, Pedro; Carvajal, Ana

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.02.001

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…103 Although experimental inoculation with a goose-origin Canadian isolate of “ B. hampsonii ” induced colonization and shedding but not clinical disease in pigs, 110 inoculation with a goose isolate of “ B. hampsonii ” from Spain resulted in spirochete shedding in all inoculated pigs, horizontal infection of a sentinel pig, and development of SD in 1 inoculated pig. 1 Taken together, these findings support the potential virulence of avian origin B. suanatina and “ B. hampsonii ” isolates to pigs and suggest the differences observed may be dependent on the laboratory and animal model. Further investigation into the potential virulence of avian origin, strongly hemolytic Brachyspira spp , is warranted.…”

Section: Risk Factors For Infection and Disease Developmentsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…hampsonii'' from Spain resulted in spirochete shedding in all inoculated pigs, horizontal infection of a sentinel pig, and development of SD in 1 inoculated pig. 1 Taken together, these findings support the potential virulence of avian origin B. suanatina and ''B. hampsonii'' isolates to pigs and suggest the differences observed may be dependent on the laboratory and animal model.…”

Section: Risk Factors For Infection and Disease Developmentsupporting

confidence: 65%

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Swine Dysentery

Burrough

2016

Vet Pathol

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Swine dysentery is a severe enteric disease in pigs, which is characterized by bloody to mucoid diarrhea and associated with reduced growth performance and variable mortality. This disease is most often observed in grower-finisher pigs, wherein susceptible pigs develop a significant mucohemorrhagic typhlocolitis following infection with strongly hemolytic spirochetes of the genus Brachyspira. While swine dysentery is endemic in many parts of the world, the disease had essentially disappeared in much of the United States by the mid-1990s as a result of industry consolidation and effective treatment, control, and elimination methods. However, since 2007, there has been a reported increase in laboratory diagnosis of swine dysentery in parts of North America along with the detection of novel pathogenic Brachyspira spp worldwide. Accordingly, there has been a renewed interest in swine dysentery and Brachyspira spp infections in pigs, particularly in areas where the disease was previously eliminated. This review provides an overview of knowledge on the etiology, pathogenesis, and diagnosis of swine dysentery, with insights into risk factors and control.

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Section: Risk Factors For Infection and Disease Developmentsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Risk Factors For Infection and Disease Developmentsupporting

confidence: 65%

Swine Dysentery

Burrough

2016

Vet Pathol

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“…especially in the absence of grids or nets on windows and doors [97,106]. Additionally, migrating waterfowl have been identified as potential carriers of Brachyspira hampsonii, which can infect pig populations, particularly in outdoor herds where grids or nets are not in place [91]. In Slovakia, diurnal birds of prey have also been linked to the direct transmission of Trichinella spp.…”

Section: Direct Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Wildlife and Pests in the Transmission of Pathogenic Agents to Domestic Pigs: A Systematic Review

Makovska

Dhaka

Chantziaras

et al. 2023

Animals

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Wild animals and pests are important reservoirs and vectors of pathogenic agents that can affect domestic pigs. Rapid globalization, anthropogenic factors, and increasing trends toward outdoor pig production facilitate the contact between domestic pigs and wildlife. However, knowledge on the transmission pathways between domestic pigs and the aforementioned target groups is limited. The present systematic review aims to collect and analyze information on the roles of different wild animal species and pests in the spread of pathogens to domesticated pigs. Overall, 1250 peer-reviewed manuscripts published in English between 2010 and 2022 were screened through the PRISMA framework using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. A total of 84 studies reporting possible transmission routes of different pathogenic agents were included. A majority of the studies (80%) focused on the role of wild boars in the transmission of pathogenic agents to pig farms. Studies involving the role of rodents (7%), and deer (6%) were the next most frequent, whereas the role of insects (5%), wild carnivores (5%), wild birds (4%), cats (2%), and badgers (1%) were less available. Only 3.5% of studies presented evidence-based transmission routes from wildlife to domestic pigs. Approximately 65.5% of the included studies described possible risks/risk factors for pathogens’ transmission based on quantitative data, whereas 31% of the articles only presented a hypothesis or qualitative analysis of possible transmission routes or risk factors and/or contact rates. Risk factors identified include outdoor farms or extensive systems and farms with a low level of biosecurity as well as wildlife behavior; environmental conditions; human activities and movements; fomites, feed (swill feeding), water, carcasses, and bedding materials. We recommend the strengthening of farm biosecurity frameworks with special attention to wildlife-associated parameters, especially in extensive rearing systems and high-risk zones as it was repeatedly found to be an important measure to prevent pathogen transmission to domestic pigs. In addition, there is a need to focus on effective risk-based wildlife surveillance mechanisms and to raise awareness among farmers about existing wildlife-associated risk factors for disease transmission.

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Swine Dysentery and Brachyspiral Colitis

Hampson¹,

Burrough²

2019

Diseases of Swine

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Experimental infection of conventional pigs with a ‘Brachyspira hampsonii’ isolate recovered from a migrating waterfowl in Spain

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Swine Dysentery

Swine Dysentery

The Role of Wildlife and Pests in the Transmission of Pathogenic Agents to Domestic Pigs: A Systematic Review

Swine Dysentery and Brachyspiral Colitis

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