Experimental Infection of Rainbow Trout with<i>Saprolegnia parasitica</i>

Howe, George E.; Stehly, Guy R.

doi:10.1577/1548-8667(1998)010<0397:eiortw>2.0.co;2

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…and range of total length for northern pike and largemouth bass treated with each handing method. 1994; Svendsen and Bøgwald, 1997;Howe and Stehly, 1998;Davis, 2005). In fact, stress and bacterial infections have been identified as major sources of mortality for angler caught fish such as black bass (Micropterus spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of common angling-induced sources of epithelial damage for popular freshwater sport fish using fluorescein

Colotelo

Cooke

2011

Fisheries Research

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of common angling-induced sources of epithelial damage for popular freshwater sport fish using fluorescein

Colotelo

Cooke

2011

Fisheries Research

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“…Two weeks should be sufficient for S. parasitica to infect the fish (Willoughby and Pickering 1977). In other experimental infection studies, trout developed visible infections after only 2 to 5 d (Howe and Stehly 1998;Fregeneda Grandes et al 2001). Barnes et al (2004) showed that for water hardness (calcium) of about 50-150 mg/L, 70-80 h were needed to observe microscopic growth of S. diclina.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Each tank had a capacity of 400 L (1.1 £ 1.1 £ 0.5 m; tap water inflow, »8 L/h; temperature, 18.7 § 0.5 C; dissolved oxygen, 6.6 § 0.7 mg/L) and was stocked with trout at a density of 3.58 kg/m 3 (tank 1, 46 individuals; tank 2, 46 individuals; tank 3, 45 individuals). To standardize the density of S. parasitica spores across tanks, each tank was inoculated with S. parasitica at a concentration of 4 zoospores/mL, which was slightly lower than the concentration targeted by Howe and Stehly (1998) in their study on Rainbow Trout. The strain of S. parasitica originated from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC 22284) and was recultivated at least 20 times.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seeds of hemp together with pieces from the pure culture of S. parasitica were put into glucose-yeast extract (GY) agar culture media (Howe and Stehly 1998;Meinelt et al 2007). After 3 d, the seeds were moved into a liquid culture media (50 ppm carbon), and after another 2 d, 1.2 L of a liquid culture media was produced and equally distributed to the three tanks.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Saprolegnia parasitica is able to parasitize all species of freshwater fish, especially salmonids (Noga 1993). Infections are visible as white to grey mold on the fish's skin and often lead to death of the fish (Howe and Stehly 1998;van West 2006). In salmonids, predisposing factors leading to an infection include epidermal wounds (Harai and Hoshiai 1993) and physiological stress (e.g., Noga 1993).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Absence of Handling‐Induced Saprolegnia Infection in Juvenile Rainbow Trout with Implications for Catch‐and‐Release Angling

Schwabe

Meinelt

Phan

et al. 2014

N American J Fish Manag

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Catch‐and‐release angling is common in recreational fisheries. During handling and dehooking, fish are subjected to stress and dermal injuries, which may result in infections by pathogens after the fish is released. The objective of this study was to evaluate the consequences of common handling practices used by anglers on the postrelease behavior and fate, particularly the susceptibility to disease, of undersized Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Behavior immediately following capture and subsequent release of fish was examined in a 40‐L container, and long‐term fate was studied for 2 weeks in tanks incubated with Saprolegnia parasitica zoospores. Trout were behaviorally impaired as indicated by the ease of being netted following the simulated fight associated with catch and release, but there were no further behavioral impacts due to subsequent handling. None of the Rainbow Trout developed fungal infections nor was any significant mortality observed after 2 weeks; only 1 out of 137 fish died. Our data indicate that juvenile hatchery‐reared Rainbow Trout have a high resilience to Saprolegnia infection handling‐induced stress.Received February 9, 2014; accepted August 25, 2014

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Large‐scale eDNA monitoring of multiple aquatic pathogens as a tool to provide risk maps for wildlife diseases

et al. 2023

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Multiple parasites and pathogens cause disease in aquatic wildlife and in aquaculture species, generating a need for monitoring and management. Conventional disease monitoring methods involve laborious, costly, and invasive capture and examination of host species, and require specialized expertise for every host and pathogen of interest. Environmental DNA could provide simultaneous occurrence data for multiple pathogens across different host taxa, valuable for using parasite diversity as, for example, a bioindicator of ecosystem disturbance. Here, we tested the potential for simultaneous detection of four wildlife pathogens in water samples from 280, mainly riverine, sites across Switzerland. We targeted the crayfish pathogen Aphanomyces astaci, the amphibian pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, and the fish pathogens Saprolegnia parasitica and Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae. The eDNA detection showed a widespread distribution of A. astaci, S. parasitica, and T. bryosalmonae, although A. astaci and T. bryosalmonae were not detected in some alpine river catchments. B. dendrobatidis was detected only rarely, which was expected since the sampling did not target amphibian breeding sites. Co‐detection rates were higher in rivers than in lakes, likely reflecting the habitat preferences and distributions of the host species. We discuss the advantages and limitations of eDNA‐based pathogen monitoring and list a set of recommendations for managers. Our study illustrates how eDNA‐based techniques can monitor several pathogen species concurrently, thus facilitating more comprehensive disease monitoring schemes. Combined with metabarcoding approaches in the future, eDNA‐based sampling and detection can facilitate the incorporation of parasite and pathogen occurrence and diversity as an indicator for aquatic ecosystem health, and for revealing the hidden biodiversity and structure of parasite communities.

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Experimental Infection of Rainbow Trout withSaprolegnia parasitica

Cited by 24 publications

References 10 publications

Evaluation of common angling-induced sources of epithelial damage for popular freshwater sport fish using fluorescein

Evaluation of common angling-induced sources of epithelial damage for popular freshwater sport fish using fluorescein

Absence of Handling‐Induced Saprolegnia Infection in Juvenile Rainbow Trout with Implications for Catch‐and‐Release Angling

Large‐scale eDNA monitoring of multiple aquatic pathogens as a tool to provide risk maps for wildlife diseases

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