Experimental infection of white spot syndrome virus in freshwater crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus

Abstract

The signal freshwater crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus was found to be susceptible to infection with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). Histopathological observations of various tissues of virus-injected crayfish showed similar symptoms to those from WSSV-infected penaeid shrimp, but no appearance of white spots on the cuticle or reddish body colour were observed, although these are the prominent gross signs of white spot disease in shrimp. A gene probe for detecting WSSV was developed in order to detect the virus in affected cells and tissues using in situ hybridisation. Strong signals were observed in cells of virus-injected crayfish, but not in control-injected crayfish. The number of granular haemocytes in virus-injected crayfish was significantly higher than in sham-injected and non-injected crayfish from Days 5 to 8 (p ≤ 0.05) and Days 3 to 8 (p < 0.01) postinjection, respectively. The proportion of granular haemocytes in virus-injected crayfish was also significantly higher than in sham-injected controls from Days 3 to 8 (p < 0.01). These results indicate that WSSV has a significant effect on the proportion of different haemocyte types in the freshwater crayfish.

Crustacean hematopoiesis

“…leniusculus, the proportion of GCs increased after an infection with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) (Jiravanichpaisal et al, 2001;Liu et al, 2009). Taken together, several studies have clearly shown the importance of the hematopoietic process, such as induced synthesis, differentiation and the rapid release of cells during crustacean defense reactions against microbial infections.…”

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infectivity for Artemia at different developmental stages

“…It infects several species of penaeid shrimp cultivated in the Eastern/Western Hemispheres (Lu et al 1997, Corsin et al 2001, in addition to a wide range of other decapods and crustaceans, including crabs (Chen et al 2000, Sahul Hameed et al 2001) and fresh water crayfish (Huang et al 2001, Jiravanichpaisal et al 2001. Several studies have confirmed that many suspected decapod carriers of WSSV can transmit the virus to Penaeus monodon (Wongteerasupaya et al 1996, Chang et al 1998, Wang et al 1998.…”

Pathological changes in Fenneropenaeus indicus experimentally infected with white spot virus and virus morphogenesis

“…At least 18 cultured and/or wild penaeid shrimp (Park et al, 1998), eight caridean species (Pramod-Kiran et al, 2002), seven species of lobster (Rajendran et al, 1999), seven species of crayfish (Edgerton, 2004), 38 crab species (Yoganandhan et al, 2003) six non-decapod crustacean species (Hossain et al, 2001), members of the phyla Chaetognata and Rotifera (Yan et al, 2004), polychaete worms (Supak et al, 2005) and some aquatic insect larva (Ramírez-Douriet et al, 2005) have been found susceptible to the virus. Histopathological observations during WSV infection in brief is available regarding shrimp species such as Penaes monodon (Durand et al, 1997;Wang et al, 1999Wang et al, , 2000Mishra and Shekhar, 2005) Litopenaeus vannamei and Marsupenaeus japonicus (Lu et al, 1997;Lightner et al, 1998;Escobedo-Bonilla et al, 2007;Perez et al, 2005;Pantoja and Lightner, 2003), species of Crabs (Kanchanaphum et al, 1998;Kou et al, 1998) and lobster (Rajendran et al, 1999;Wang et al, 1998;Jiravanichpaisal et al, 2001).…”