Experimental investigation of citric acid reactive extraction with solvent recycling

Abstract

Citric acid is one of the organic acids of which world market is growing every year. This paper proposes reactive extraction of citric acid with trioctylamine as an alternative to the classical method [1]. An experimental setup with solvent recycling is presented. As organic solvents were used: octanol, cyclohexanol, iso-butyl alcohol and paraf®n oil. The removal ef®ciency is enhanced when the reactive extraction is accompanied by back-extraction using sodium carbonate as stripping agent.

Reactive Extraction Using Moving Liquid Membranes - Mathematical Model Calibration Through Experiments

“…An extensive experimental work was done in laboratory to obtain the partition coefficients for all organic solvents used [22][23][24]. In the case of non polar solvents (paraffin oil or petroleum ether) the extraction efficiency was very small irrespective of the extraction type: a) simple extraction/back-extraction in water, b) extraction followed by back-extraction in alkaline solution, c) extraction with carrier followed by plain back-extraction and d) reactive extraction with carrier/back-extraction in alkaline solution.…”

“…5 and 6). The previous research with the same system but without RE [22][23][24] showed that after a sufficiently long time, the phases reached equilibrium in the column. This means that the extracted species cannot be totally removed from the donor phase.…”

“…The main objective of the present work is the modeling of the RE of the acetic acid from an aqueous dilute solution in a column device type using a moving liquid reactive membrane (MLRM) and the validation of the model using own experimental data. The experiments are developed in a two-stage column, whose active volumes are separated by a pseudo-stationary LM [22][23][24][25]. Several organic solvents (polar or non-polar) with or without trioctylamine (TOA) as reactive carrier were investigated as candidate MLRMs.…”

“…A complete set of factorial experiments were conducted, covering all possible combinations of plain or mediated extractions using MLMs: simple extraction/back-extraction in water, extraction followed by back-extraction in alkaline solution, extraction with carrier followed by plain backextraction and finally reactive extraction with carrier/backextraction in alkaline solution. This work will address the latter experiment; the corresponding data will be used to identify the parameters of the mathematical model of the reactive extraction using a closed loop MLRM, which represents a major extension of some previous works [22][23][24].…”

Aerated extraction columns for in situ separation of bio‐based diamines from cell suspensions

“…While effective cultivation operations have been developed in recent years, 27,28 the corresponding downstream operations, which are one of the major cost factors, have not been examined in as much detail. Extraction processes from fermentation media, mainly focusing on phase equilibria and mass transfer, have been presented for a variety of bio-based carboxylic acids [29][30][31][32][33][34][35] as well as for a distinct number of diols, [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] amino acids and diamines. [44][45][46][47][48][49] In situ extraction can increase the bioprocess performance by preventing product inhibition, but also substrate inhibition by continually providing a hydrophobic substrate in the extracting organic phase.…”