Experimental investigation of Direct Carbon Fuel Cell fueled by almond shell biochar: Part II. Improvement of cell stability and performance by a three-layer planar configuration

Recent advances in utilization of biochar

“…Current density delivered by the almond shell biochar was double that delivered by commercial activated carbon. Performance of almond shell biochar fueled DCFC could be further improved by modifying the anode composition [66]. Later, Ellenuch et al [66] fabricated a three layer DCFC pellet by adding a NiO-Samaria-Doped-Ceria (NiO-SDC) anode layer to the original bi-layer DCFC pellet (containing only cathode and electrolyte) using a die-pressing, screen printing and sintering method.…”

“…Performance of almond shell biochar fueled DCFC could be further improved by modifying the anode composition [66]. Later, Ellenuch et al [66] fabricated a three layer DCFC pellet by adding a NiO-Samaria-Doped-Ceria (NiO-SDC) anode layer to the original bi-layer DCFC pellet (containing only cathode and electrolyte) using a die-pressing, screen printing and sintering method. In the modified DCFC, peak power density of DCFC increased from 127 to 150 mW/cm 2 and stability of DCFC improved (stable current lasted about 130 min).…”

“…Investigation on optimizing carbonization method, biomass selection and post treatment is critically needed to produce biochar with the necessary properties for specific applications. For DCFC applications, experiments demonstrated that DCFC polarization is dominated by anode polarization [66]. Improving the material structure of the anode can improve the power output and durability of DCFC.…”

Investigation of chemical and electrochemical reactions mechanisms in a direct carbon fuel cell using olive wood charcoal as sustainable fuel

“…[6,20,21]. Ceria-doped samarium (SDC) combined with molten carbonate (MC) consisting of Li 2 CO 3 /Na 2 CO 3 eutectic mixture in a mole ratio of 2:1 was used as the electrolyte material.…”

“…In our previous study [20,21], a renewable fuel issued from Tunisian almond shell biomass via carbonization called (AS-biochar) was successfully tested in a DCFC system based on a bi-layer structure. The achieved peak power density is 30% higher than that obtained by a commercial AC tested at the same operating conditions and cell properties.…”