Experimental Investigation of Effects of Dowel Misalignment on Joint Opening Behavior in Rigid Pavements

Prabhu, Milind; Buch, Neeraj; Varma, Amit H.; Thandaveswara, Deepa

doi:10.3141/1947-02

Cited by 11 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…However, there are concerns about skew dowel misalignments produced by DBIs and their effects on joint behavior. Similar dowel misalignments are also observed in basket assembly placement systems (1,2). A survey of various SHAs (1) indicates that there are no consensus limits for dowel misalignment magnitude and distribution in the United States.…”

supporting

confidence: 66%

“…Similar dowel misalignments are also observed in basket assembly placement systems (1,2). A survey of various SHAs (1) indicates that there are no consensus limits for dowel misalignment magnitude and distribution in the United States. Now, significant interest exists on behalf of SHAs (a) to conduct experimental and analytical research on the effects of dowel misalignment on the behavior and distress in concrete pavement joints and (b) to develop performance-based dowel misalignment limits.…”

supporting

confidence: 66%

“…Skew misalignment occurs when the dowel bar is not offset from the central plane but is inclined with respect to the vertical or horizontal axes. This paper focuses on the effects of skew type misalignment because it occurs more commonly in asbuilt pavement joints and can be more detrimental than translational misalignment (1,2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Now, significant interest exists on behalf of SHAs (a) to conduct experimental and analytical research on the effects of dowel misalignment on the behavior and distress in concrete pavement joints and (b) to develop performance-based dowel misalignment limits. To achieve these goals, various SHAs and the NCHRP have recently funded research in this area, for example, work by Prabhu et al (1) and Khazanovich et al (2) and NCHRP Project 10-69 (3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and Analytical Investigations of Mechanistic Effects of Dowel Misalignment in Jointed Concrete Pavements

Prabhu

Varma

Buch

2007

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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This paper presents the results of experimental and analytical investigations on the effects of dowel misalignment on the joint opening behavior and distress in concrete pavement joints. It focuses on the development of three-dimensional (3-D) finite element models for computing the complex stress states and resulting damage in concrete pavement joints with misaligned dowels and, through experimental results, their validation. The concrete pavement is modeled by using a damage–plasticity material model, which uses concepts of damage–plasticity formulation in compression and cracking combined with damage elasticity in tension. The longitudinal bond between the steel dowel and the concrete is modeled in two parts. First, the longitudinal bond resulting from chemical adhesion, mechanical interlock, and static friction (in the aligned state) is modeled by means of spring elements. The nonlinear force–deformation relationship for the spring elements is derived from specific experimental results. Second, the longitudinal bond resulting from transverse interaction between steel dowels and the concrete pavement is modeled by surface-to-surface contact interaction elements and associated friction models. The 3-D finite element models are validated by the results of experimental investigations. These validated models provide significant insight into the 3-D stress states and principal stresses that develop in concrete pavement joints with misaligned dowels. They are used to evaluate analytically the effects of misalignment type, magnitude, uniformity, and distribution on the 3-D stress states and resulting damage in concrete pavements.

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supporting

confidence: 66%

supporting

confidence: 66%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and Analytical Investigations of Mechanistic Effects of Dowel Misalignment in Jointed Concrete Pavements

Prabhu

Varma

Buch

2007

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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“…Despite the technique effectiveness in detecting steel elements in the structure also proven by Prabhu et al (2006), Hoegh and Khazanovich (2012) point out that its operation is limited to this material type. Nasief et al (2011) complements the restriction stating that to estimate the layer thickness it is necessary to place a steel at the top of the base at each measurement point which is evidently unrealistic and unproductive for constructors.…”

Section: Infrared Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Short continuously reinforced concrete pavement design recommendations based on non-destructive ultrasonic data and stress simulation.

Salles¹

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Four sections of continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP) were constructed at the University of São Paulo campus in order to introduce this kind of pavement structure to Brazil's technical transportation community. Sections were designed as 50 m long concrete slab, short in comparison to traditional CRCP, in order to simulate bus stops and terminalslocations of critical interest for public infrastructure. The thesis presented herein concludes this research project initiated in 2010. As the initial goal of this study was the development of coherent, reliable and intuitive design recommendations for the use of CRCP technology in Brazil, a profound understating of its structural and performance peculiarities was needed. For that, the cracking process of the experimental CRCP sections was recorded over a span of seven years. Due to the sections' short length and lack of anchorage, the experimental "short" CRCP presented a cracking behavior quite different than traditional CRCP. There were much less visible cracks than expected. To address this issue, a novel technology in ultrasonic nondestructive testing of concrete structures was applied. Through ultrasonic signal interpretation it was possible to discover several incipient non-visible cracks within the slabsmany of these became apparent on the slab surface in later crack surveysand to characterize visible and non-visible cracks regarding crack depth. The updated crack map with non-visible cracks showed similarities with traditional CRCP. Additionally, the ultrasonic data analysis provided important information on thickness variation, reinforcement location and concrete condition that were applied in theoretical simulations (finite element software) of the short CRCP. Simulations were attempted considering different slab geometries, firstly with transverse cracks as joints with high load transfer efficiency (LTE) and secondly with a continuous slab without cracks or joints. The latter simulation was more accurate reaching a shift factor between field and simulated stresses in the order of 0.7 to 1.0. Deflection data and LTE analysis from cracks and panels in between cracks further attested the slab continuous behavior, which contradicts current CRCP design models and performance predictors. Furthermore, critical traffic and environmental loading conditions concerning Brazil's climate and bus traffic characteristics were investigated and related using a selected fatigue model resulting in design recommendations in a chart format for the short CRCP aimed at long-term projects for over 20 years of operation. The design chart was successfully applied to investigate three failures presented by the experimental short CRCP due to thickness deficiencies pointed out by the ultrasonic testing.

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Experimental investigation on the combined effect of dowel misalignment and cyclic wheel loading on dowel bar performance in JPCP

Al-Humeidawi

Mandal

2018

Engineering Structures

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A number of previous studies indicated that the joint lockup due to misalignment and looseness of dowel bars may cause joint distress in Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement (JPCP). This article reports a detailed experimental investigation of pull-out load and joint lockup due to dowel misalignment; and dowel looseness caused by the combined effect of misalignment and cyclic traffic load. The test slabs were supported on steel beams with an appropriate amount of vertical stiffness so as to incorporate the effects of underlying layers of real pavements. The article also provides an experimental investigation to assess the suitability of Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) bars as alternative dowel bars to reduce joint lockup and associated detrimental effects at the dowel-concrete interface compared with epoxy-coated steel dowels. The results show that the 38 mm GFRP dowels that have equivalent flexural rigidity (EI) to 25 mm steel dowels can withstand the cyclic traffic load, significantly reduce joint lockup and dowel looseness, and can provide adequate Load Transfer Efficiency (LTE). It was also observed that misalignment affects dowel looseness significantly more than the number of cycles for traffic load. The slab-base separation and orientation of misaligned dowels have significant effects on the load required to open the joint.

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Experimental Investigation of Effects of Dowel Misalignment on Joint Opening Behavior in Rigid Pavements

Cited by 11 publications

References 1 publication

Experimental and Analytical Investigations of Mechanistic Effects of Dowel Misalignment in Jointed Concrete Pavements

Experimental and Analytical Investigations of Mechanistic Effects of Dowel Misalignment in Jointed Concrete Pavements

Short continuously reinforced concrete pavement design recommendations based on non-destructive ultrasonic data and stress simulation.

Experimental investigation on the combined effect of dowel misalignment and cyclic wheel loading on dowel bar performance in JPCP

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