Experimental Investigation of Laser Welding Process in Overlap Joint Configuration

Oussaid, Kamel; Ouafi, Abderrazak El; Chebak, Ahmed

doi:10.4236/msce.2019.73002

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The upper and lower limits of factors are respectively 2000 to 3000 W for the power of the laser, 40 to 70 mm/s for the welding speed, 300 to 490 μm for the beam diameter and 0.05 to 0.15 mm for the Gap. The Data assigned for training and testing the various models are partly provided from an experimental investigation of laser welding process [15] while the other part is produced by a 3D FEM simulation [16]. In order to include the gap in the ANN modeling, the finite element model is adapted for each Gap value (0.05, 0.1 and 0.15 mm) by recalculating the calibration coefficients (m and n) of the heat source for each time step.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on Prediction of Weld Geometry in Laser Overlap Welding of Low Carbon Galvanized Steel Using ANN-Based Models

Oussaid¹,

Ouafi²

2019

JSEA

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Predictive modelling for quality analysis becomes one of the most critical requirements for a continuous improvement of reliability, efficiency and safety of laser welding process. Accurate and effective model to perform non-destructive quality estimation is an essential part of this assessment. This paper presents a structured approach developed to design an effective artificial neural network based model for predicting the weld bead dimensional characteristic in laser overlap welding of low carbon galvanized steel. The modelling approach is based on the analysis of direct and interaction effects of laser welding parameters such as laser power, welding speed, laser beam diameter and gap on weld bead dimensional characteristics such as depth of penetration, width at top surface and width at interface. The data used in this analysis was derived from structured experimental investigations according to Taguchi method and exhaustive FEM based 3D modelling and simulation efforts. Using a factorial design, different neural network based prediction models were developed, implemented and evaluated. The models were trained and tested using experimental data, supported with the data generated by the 3D simulation. Hold-out test and k-fold cross validation combined to various statistical tools were used to evaluate the influence of the laser welding parameters on the performances of the models. The results demonstrated that the proposed approach resulted successfully in a consistent model providing accurate and reliable predictions of weld bead dimensional characteristics under variable welding conditions. The best model presents prediction errors lower than 7% for the three weld quality characteristics.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on Prediction of Weld Geometry in Laser Overlap Welding of Low Carbon Galvanized Steel Using ANN-Based Models

Oussaid¹,

Ouafi²

2019

JSEA

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“…This volumetric heat source is calibrated by introducing two coefficients (m and n) to adapt respectively the weld bead width and the absorption depth of the laser beam. These coefficients are related to the laser parameters with the most significant contribution to the variation of weld characteristics [20].…”

Section: Heat Source Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As indicated in Table 3, three levels are selected for each of the three laser parameters (laser power, welding speed and laser beam diameter). These parameters and levels are fixed following a series of preliminary tests [20]. Both for simulations and experiments, the weld cross section dimensions are measured in the stationary state zone to evaluate three weld geometry characteristics: depth of penetration (DOP), bead width at the top surface (WS) and bead width at the interface between sheets (WI).…”

Section: Laser Parameter Setting and Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oussaid et al conducted an experimental investigation to evaluate the effects of various laser welding parameters on the welding quality [20]. Laser power, welding speed, laser fiber diameter, gap between sheets and sheets thickness are combined and used to evaluate the variation of three geometrical characteristics of the weld: penetration depth, bead width at the surface and bead width at the interface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Three-Dimensional Numerical Model for Predicting the Weld Bead Geometry Characteristics in Laser Overlap Welding of Low Carbon Galvanized Steel

Oussaid¹,

Ouafi²

2019

JAMP

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Laser welding (LW) becomes one of the most economical high quality joining processes. LW offers the advantage of very controlled heat input resulting in low distortion and the ability to weld heat sensitive components. To exploit efficiently the benefits presented by LW, it is necessary to develop an integrated approach to identify and control the welding process variables in order to produce the desired weld characteristics without being forced to use the traditional and fastidious trial and error procedures. The paper presents a study of weld bead geometry characteristics prediction for laser overlap welding of low carbon galvanized steel using 3D numerical modelling and experimental validation. The temperature dependent material properties, metallurgical transformations and enthalpy method constitute the foundation of the proposed modelling approach. An adaptive 3D heat source is adopted to simulate both keyhole and conduction mode of the LW process. The simulations are performed using 3D finite element model on commercial software. The model is used to estimate the weld bead geometry characteristics for various LW parameters, such as laser power, welding speed and laser beam diameter. The calibration and validation of the 3D numerical model are based on experimental data achieved using a 3 kW Nd:Yag laser system, a structured experimental design and confirmed statistical analysis tools. The results reveal that the modelling approach can provide not only a consistent and accurate prediction of the weld characteristics under variable welding parameters and conditions but also a comprehensive and quantitative analysis of process parameters effects on the weld quality. The results show great concordance between predicted and measured values for weld bead geometry characteristics, such as depth of penetration, bead width at the top surface How to cite this paper: Oussaid, K. and El Ouafi, A.

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“…However, as theresearchersfocus on one configuration type, there is a lack of publications showinghow joint properties change under different configurations. Therefore, the authors presented acomparative study of sealed lap joints with partial penetration, where low-carbon and stainless steels are welded alternately using a laser beam [ 12 ]. The joints are intended for use in pipeline components and large crude oil storage tanks, where high joint quality and strength are critical characteristics [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and Metallurgical Analysis of Laser Welded, Sealed Lap Joints of S355J2 and 316L Steels under Different Configurations

et al. 2020

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This paper presents the results of laser welding of dissimilar joints, where low-carbon and stainless steels were welded inthe lap joint configuration. Performed welding of austenitic and ferritic-pearlitic steels included a sealed joint, where only partial penetration of lower material was obtained.The authors presented acomparative study of the joints under different configurations. The welding parameters for the assumed penetration were estimated via anumericalsimulation. Moreover, a stress–strain analysis was performed based on theestablished model. Numerical analysis showed significant differences in joint properties, therefore, further study was conducted. Investigation of the fusion mechanism in the obtained joints wascarried out using electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and metallurgical analysis. The study of the lap joint under different configurations showed considerable dissimilarities in stress–strain distribution and relevant differences in the fusion zone structure. The results showed advantages of using stainless steel as the upper material of a microstructure, and uniform chemical element distribution and stress analysis is considered.

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Experimental Investigation of Laser Welding Process in Overlap Joint Configuration

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

A Study on Prediction of Weld Geometry in Laser Overlap Welding of Low Carbon Galvanized Steel Using ANN-Based Models

A Study on Prediction of Weld Geometry in Laser Overlap Welding of Low Carbon Galvanized Steel Using ANN-Based Models

A Three-Dimensional Numerical Model for Predicting the Weld Bead Geometry Characteristics in Laser Overlap Welding of Low Carbon Galvanized Steel

Numerical and Metallurgical Analysis of Laser Welded, Sealed Lap Joints of S355J2 and 316L Steels under Different Configurations

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