Experimental investigation of linear friction welding of AISI 1020 steel with pre-heating

Friction welding of austenitic steel fasteners

“…In general, the theoretical foundations of friction welding have been developed [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Friction welding occurs in a solid state when exposed to heat generated by friction of the surfaces of the welded product.…”

“…After forging, natural cooling of the welded joint occurs. One of the most important advantages of the friction welding method is the high quality of the resulting welded joints [6][7][8][11][12][13][14][15]. The quality of the welded joint made by friction welding depends on the completeness of the processes occurring on the contact surfaces: removal of contaminants; wear and tear of oxide films, as well as nearsurface layers of workpieces; plastic flow of metal; hardening and softening of surface layers; rapid heating and cooling, causing structural -phase transformations; mass transfer of metal from one workpiece to another and the formation between the contact surfaces of solid "wedges" formed from cut microroughnesses and tending to grow due to metal transfer [14][15].…”