Experimental investigation of mixed mode fracture toughness of glass fiber/epoxy laminates with sea water absorption

Khan, Rafiullah

doi:10.1002/pc.26015

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…[4][5][6] The integrity of the composites can be negatively affected in the marine environment. Studies have shown that the impact performance, 7 bending strength, 8 tensile strength, 9 fracture toughness, 10 and other mechanical properties of laminated and woven composites subjected to marine environments can be reduced. The crack initiation and propagation speed of the composites increase under fatigue load after seawater immersion, thus decreasing their fatigue life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of salt–fog spray environment on bending fatigue properties of 3D woven composites

Zhao,

Chen,

Gao

2024

Journal of Composite Materials

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In this study, the effect of salt–fog spray corrosion environment on bending fatigue properties of three-dimensional (3D) woven composites was investigated. Three test environmental conditions, namely a normal environment, two cycles of salt–fog spray corrosion environment, and four cycles of salt–fog spray corrosion environment, were designed. In addition, the salt–fog spray corrosion mechanism, the bending fatigue properties, damage mechanisms, and failure modes of 3D woven composites were studied. The results showed that the bending strength and bending modulus decreased by 5.5 and 9.3%, and 2.27 and 3.45% after two and four salt–fog spray cycles, respectively, compared with that of the normal environment. The bending fatigue properties of 3D woven composites were related to the applied stress and salt–fog spray cycles. The salt–fog spray environment was responsible for the degradation of the interface bonding strength. The maximum reduction ratio of bending fatigue life after salt–fog spray treatment exceeded 70%. The brittle fracture characteristics of 3D woven composite yarn were more pronounced with an increase in salt–fog spray aging cycles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of salt–fog spray environment on bending fatigue properties of 3D woven composites

Zhao,

Chen,

Gao

2024

Journal of Composite Materials

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“…Several factors that affect absorption are contact time, temperature, fiber volume fraction, packing and arrangement, and crosslink density for the thermoset matrices. The absorption of fluids, including fuels and water, by the composites can deteriorate their mechanical properties, including moduli, strengths, and interlaminar fracture toughness 11–41 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of cyclic absorption–desorption of model fuels by aerospace‐grade carbon/epoxy composites

et al. 2023

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The aviation industry is in the process of using several alternative fuels sourced from renewable sources to decrease its impact on the environment. These alternative fuels are mostly comprised of aliphatic hydrocarbons and have low to no aromatic content. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has approved several drop‐in fuels, in which alternative fuels are typically blended with conventional Jet A fuel. Because of blending, the drop‐in fuels consist of both aliphatic and aromatic components. To achieve a fundamental understanding of how individual aliphatic and aromatic components interact with the aerospace‐grade composites, we have considered four model fuels, three aliphatic with varying chain lengths and one aromatic. The absorption of these model fuels by composites in three absorption/desorption cycles was captured and compared to the conventional Jet A fuel. The equilibrium weight gain by the composites due to absorption was low but was different for each model fuel, and the trend could be validated using Hansen solubility parameters. The absorption of model fuels decreased the glass transition temperature of composites. The change in glass transition temperature was not significantly different between the model fuels and the conventional fuel. These results can be translated to alternative fuels, making them a possible substitute for Jet A in the aviation industry.

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“…The absorbed moisture severely affects the fiber/matrix interface and as a result, the mechanical properties of composites degrades over the service life. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] For example, the moisture absorption was found to decrease the tensile and compression strength of carbon fiber/epoxy composites by 12% and 47%, respectively. [7] It was also found to decrease the fracture toughness and flexural strength of glass fiber/epoxy composites by 49% and 43%, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7] It was also found to decrease the fracture toughness and flexural strength of glass fiber/epoxy composites by 49% and 43%, respectively. [5,8] The reductions in mechanical properties were attributed to the degradation of fiber/matrix interface due to moisture absorption. To overcome the issues related to moisture absorption, techniques like modification of matrix resin, [9][10][11] functionalization of fibers, [12,13] and surface modification of fibers [14,15] were adopted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations on interfacial moisture storage and its relation to the mechanical behavior in polymer composites

Kannan

Swaminathan

2022

Polymer Composites

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Moisture absorption in composites significantly influence the fiber/matrix interface regions and mechanical properties. Hence, it is very important to quantify the moisture storage in interfaces and correlate it to the mechanical behavior. The novelty of this article is that, for the first time, it explores the correlation of moisture absorption parameters with the mechanical behavior of composites. The paper studies four different types of moisture‐soaked composites—glass fiber/epoxy, carbon fiber/epoxy, ZnO nanowire incorporated glass fiber/epoxy, and ZnO nanowire incorporated carbon fiber/epoxy. One‐dimensional hindered diffusion model (1D HDM) was used for the extraction of moisture absorption parameters. The hindrance coefficient (ratio of bound to unbound moisture) of composites was found to increase proportionately with the increase in the volume of interfacial regions. Only in carbon fiber/epoxy composite, it did not increase proportionately due to the relatively larger degradation of interface. This was correlated well with mechanical test responses wherein carbon fiber/epoxy exhibited anomalous failure modes due to relatively larger degradation of interface. Numerical simulations were also carried out to describe the moisture absorption in composites. Numerical simulations of moisture absorption in composites using time‐varying boundary conditions matched very well with experimental as well as 1D HDM results.

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Experimental investigation of mixed mode fracture toughness of glass fiber/epoxy laminates with sea water absorption

Cited by 8 publications

References 40 publications

Effect of salt–fog spray environment on bending fatigue properties of 3D woven composites

Effect of salt–fog spray environment on bending fatigue properties of 3D woven composites

Effects of cyclic absorption–desorption of model fuels by aerospace‐grade carbon/epoxy composites

Investigations on interfacial moisture storage and its relation to the mechanical behavior in polymer composites

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