Experimental investigation of mixtures and foreign inclusions in water droplets influence on integral characteristics of their evaporation during motion through high-temperature gas area

Water droplet deformation in gas stream: Impact of temperature difference between liquid and gas

“…The obtained results are important to improve the present understanding of liquid droplet motions through gas streams and can be used to improve and to develop technologies such as cooling towers and high-temperature water purification, and also the important needs to improve the polydisperse vapor-water fire extinguishing technologies [43][44][45][46][47][48] because of the extremely important financial consequences of these natural and technogenical issues caused by uncontrollable natural phenomena as well as to the use of bigger and bigger amount of highly flammable substances [49][50][51][52].…”

Evaporation, boiling and explosive breakup of heterogeneous droplet in a high-temperature gas

“…The main emphasis is on the increase of liquid evaporation rate in flame by the addition of two-phase, multiphase and even heterogeneous gas-vapor-droplet mixtures. Experimental and theoretical investigations [10][11][12] substantiate the possible intensification of evaporation by addition of admixtures and solid nontransparent inclusions into the extinguishing liquid (water and different emulsions on its base). However, reported experiments [10][11][12] indicate that the heating of heterogeneous (with inclusions) droplets at high temperatures corresponding to flames of real fires is accompanied by rather complicated phase changes, heat and mass transfer.…”

The ignition parameters of the coal-water slurry droplets at the different methods of injection into the hot oxidant flow

“…The velocity map inside the air flow was measured by the PIV and Stereo PIV methods during the additional experiments [45,46]. It was done using tracer particles of titanium dioxide with typical sizes $80-100 nm (like described in [47]) which were injected into the air flow through the side channel of the pump. The tracer's velocity fully corresponds to the air-flow velocity in the chamber.…”

“…The processing of the image pair sequence by the Actual Flow software allows to calculate the tracer's velocities and to build the 2D velocity field of the gas flow inside the chamber -1. Description of the method of the gas-flow velocity map determination by the tracer movement is shown in [47]. The tracer velocity determination is based on measurements of the tracer displacement between two consecutive video frames.…”