Experimental investigation of permeability heterogeneity impact on the miscible alternative injection of formation Brine–Carbon dioxide

Xie, Jun; Hu, Xiaojun; Liang, Huizhen; Li, Zhe; Wang, Rui; Cai, Wuchao; Nassabeh, Seyed Mohammad Mehdi

doi:10.1016/j.egyr.2020.10.012

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This net solvent utilization factor depends on reservoir heterogeneities, well injection pattern and WAG operating ratio. Xie et al (2020) observed lower ultimate oil recovery with increase of permeability ratio between zones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

The impact of permeability heterogeneity on water-alternating-gas displacement in highly stratified heterogeneous reservoirs

Khan

Mandal

2021

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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Availability of gases at the field level makes attractive to water-alternating-gas (WAG) process for low viscosity and light oils carbonate reservoir. However, impact of reservoir heterogeneity on WAG performance is crucial before field application. In general, ramp carbonates have heterogeneity due to variation of permeability and porosity. However, WAG performance significantly affected by permeability variations. This article investigates merits and demerits of WAG displacement due to permeability heterogeneities such as permeability anisotropy, high permeability streaks (HKS), matrix permeability, dolomite and thin dense stylolite layers. High-resolution compositional simulations with tuned equation of state (EoS) were carried out using 2D and 3D sector models. The study focuses on WAG performance in terms of oil recovery, vertical sweep, solvent utilization, gas oil ratio (GOR), water cut (WCT), WAG response time, gravity override, hysteresis, un-contacted oil saturation and economics. The results of simulation show that the heterogeneous reservoir provides initially faster WAG response, lower expected ultimate recovery (EUR), faster gas breakthrough, higher GOR and WCT production compared to homogeneous reservoir. The gas gravity override at smaller wells spacing is less in homogeneous reservoir as compared to heterogeneous reservoir, but it is reverse in case of larger well spacing. In heterogeneous reservoir, the HKS shows significant gas override resulting in poor vertical sweep due to capillary holding, and the high permeability dolomite layer shows early water breakthrough. This reservoir has higher solvent utilization in initial stage, and then, it becomes nearly equal to homogeneous reservoir. Simulation in both reservoirs overestimates incremental recovery of 2–3% OOIP at one pore volume injection because of not involving un-contacted oil saturation as predicted in core flood. The findings of this study will help to understand WAG performance and design in highly heterogeneous reservoirs for field applications. Graphical abstract

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

The impact of permeability heterogeneity on water-alternating-gas displacement in highly stratified heterogeneous reservoirs

Khan

Mandal

2021

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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“…In a sedimentary basin, only effective source rocks can provide commercial hydrocarbon accumulation. In addition, an effective source rock must have enough organic matter and a good organic matter type, and the evolution must process from organic matter to hydrocarbon. ,, Therefore, in this study, the geochemical characteristics of organic matter abundance, organic matter type, and organic matter maturity were investigated to determine which rocks have the conditions of source rocks, which source rocks are effective, and what their hydrocarbon-generation potential is. − According to the drilling results obtained from the study area, there are only 13 exploration wells drilled in the Permian in the Dongdaohaizi sag and adjacent areas, and most of them have not been drilled in the Permian. Among them, only nine wells were drilled in the Pingdiquan Formation using the source rock analysis data.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Source Rocks In the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentary Characteristics and Hydrocarbon-Generation Potential of the Permian Pingdiquan Formation in Dongdaohaizi Sag, Junggar Basin, Northwest China

Hu,

Zhang,

Xie

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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After several years of extensive exploration, a series of oil and gas reservoirs or structures have been discovered in the Dongdaohaizi sag, situated in the hinterland of the Junggar Basin. However, in recent years, some wells around the sag have failed. Herein, sedimentary facies, the plane distribution of dark mudstone, geochemical characteristics of source rocks, and the control of sedimentary facies on the distribution and development of source rocks in the Permian Pingdiquan Formation in the Dongdaohaizi sag were systematically investigated. A combined geological and geochemical method was used to fully understand the distribution law and resource potential of the source rocks in this area. Investigation results indicate that the Pingdiquan Formation primarily inherited continuous deposition, and the sedimentary facies of the sag, such as semideep lake, shore-shallow lake, prefan delta, fan delta front, and fan delta plain, were developed from the center sag to the outside. The fan delta facies, predominantly distributed in the northern margin of the sag, are characterized by lithology mainly composed of sandy conglomerate and coarse sandstone. The sandstone has a coarse particle size and poor sorting ability, while lacustrine mudstone is widely developed in the sag with a large sedimentary thickness, which is the primary source rock of the Dongdaohaizi sag. The source rocks in the Pingdiquan Formation exhibit medium-to-good quality. The organic matter is categorized as types II1–III, and the thermal evolution maturity is in the mature-high mature stage, indicating a high resource potential. The development of the source rock in the Dongdaohaizi sag is closely related to the sedimentary environment. The sedimentation rate of fan delta facies is high and burial is fast, bringing a large amount of terrestrial organic matter to the lake, thereby increasing the nutrition and organic matter quantity of the lake. Due to the stable water of the lake, low energy at the bottom, and medium conditions of strong reduction, a large amount of organic matter accumulated in the deep to semideep lake facies of the study area, resulting in the development of thick dark mudstone with a thickness of over 400 m. The abundance of organic matter has reached a good level, and the maturity and content of organic matter are high, signifying a high hydrocarbon-generation potential.

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Simulation on Technology Comparison for CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery in the Gulf of Thailand

Wongsriraksa,

Le,

Maneeintr

2023

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

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Experimental investigation of permeability heterogeneity impact on the miscible alternative injection of formation Brine–Carbon dioxide

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

The impact of permeability heterogeneity on water-alternating-gas displacement in highly stratified heterogeneous reservoirs

The impact of permeability heterogeneity on water-alternating-gas displacement in highly stratified heterogeneous reservoirs

Sedimentary Characteristics and Hydrocarbon-Generation Potential of the Permian Pingdiquan Formation in Dongdaohaizi Sag, Junggar Basin, Northwest China

Simulation on Technology Comparison for CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery in the Gulf of Thailand

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