Experimental Investigation of Soil Arching Mobilization and Degradation under Localized Surface Loading

Al-Naddaf, Mahdi; Han, Jie; Xu, Changjie; Jawad, Saif; Abdulrasool, Ghaith

doi:10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0002190

Cited by 85 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Subsequently, the model is cycled through enough steps to reach equilibrium. (5) The gravity is restored to the normal level. The frictional coefficient µ is reset to the values in Table 2.…”

Section: Preparation Methods: Laboratory Sample and Numerical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Piled embankments have been widely adopted to overcome intolerable total or differential settlements, large lateral displacements of highway, and railway engineering, especially for embankments constructed over soft soils [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Soil arching effect is a ubiquitous phenomenon occurred in the piled embankment to transfer the vertical stress from the relatively stiff pile to the softer soil due to the differential settlement [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, most of these DEM simulations still attempt to identify the soil arching according to the deformation pattern of the embankment, rather than the redistributions of the stress or contact force chains [15]. Generally, the soil arching formed in the piled embankments considerably enhanced the load transfer from the relatively stiff piles to the softer subsoil [5,[12][13][14][15][16][28][29][30]36]. In this regard, this study investigated the soil arching in piled embankments with the 2D DEM modeling software, Particle Flow Code in Two Dimensions (PFC 2D ), version 5.0, developed by Itasca [37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil Arching of Piled Embankment in Equal Settlement Pattern: A Discrete Element Analysis

et al. 2021

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Soil arching, which occurs in the piled embankments, plays an important role in stress redistribution between the relatively soft subsoil and the stiffer piles. The formation of the soil arching depends on the differential settlement of the embankment fill above the pile and the subsoil. The soil arching effect is barely investigated in the literature from the perspective of differential settlement of piles and soils. Based on the discrete element method (DEM), this paper develops a classic trapdoor test model to investigate the differential settlement in piled embankment during the downward movement of the trapdoor, and to explore the formation mechanism of soil arching in equal settlement pattern by changing the width of the pile cap and the height of the embankment. Due to symmetry, only one section of the laboratory test model is simulated herein. It was found that the soil arching formed under the equal settlement pattern remained unchanged after a certain degree of development, and the height of the equal settlement did not change at 0.7(s-a), where s is the pile spacing, and a is the width of the pile cap. The height of the embankment (H) and the width of the pile cap (a) have a significant influence on the formation of the equal settlement pattern when the width of the trapdoor is kept constant. Both the decrease in “H” and the increase in “a” facilitate the differential settlement of the soil between the piles and the pile-soil, enabling the slip surface to develop upward gradually, thereby hindering the formation of the equal settlement pattern.

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Section: Preparation Methods: Laboratory Sample and Numerical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil Arching of Piled Embankment in Equal Settlement Pattern: A Discrete Element Analysis

et al. 2021

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“…Pham et al (10,11) investigated the reductions in the stress concentration ratio of GRPS embankments with respect to the number of load cycles by using three-dimensional finite element method (FEM) and concluded that the presence of a geosynthetic reinforcement decelerated the reduction in the arching effect. Al-Naddaf et al (12) investigated the effects of static surface footing loading on soil arching mobilization and degradation in geosynthetic reinforced and unreinforced embankments using trapdoor model tests, in which the redistribution of additional stresses induced by the footing load and the degradation of soil arching were studied. Through trapdoor tests and the particle image velocimetry technique, Xu et al (13) analyzed the deformation patterns of the fill considering the degradation of soil arching under repetitive static and cyclic loads.…”

Section: Geosyntheticmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Al-Naddaf et al. ( 12 ) investigated the effects of static surface footing loading on soil arching mobilization and degradation in geosynthetic reinforced and unreinforced embankments using trapdoor model tests, in which the redistribution of additional stresses induced by the footing load and the degradation of soil arching were studied. Through trapdoor tests and the particle image velocimetry technique, Xu et al.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Stability of High-Speed Railway Geosynthetic Reinforced Pile-Supported Embankment Subjected to Traffic Loading Considering Arching Effect

Gong

Huang

2020

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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Geosynthetic reinforced pile-supported (GRPS) embankment is widely used in the construction of high-speed railways on soft foundations. Arching effect, which is a common phenomenon in the system involving soil-structure interaction, is considered a key factor in the design of GRPS embankment. Its performance has been found inevitably to affect the post-construction settlement and bearing capacity of the embankment. However, the existing design methods are mainly based on static loading condition; soil arching effect under high-cycle loading has not been fully understood. In this study, a series of numerical simulations were conducted to study the long-term behavior of GRPS embankment under traffic loading, with the consideration of arching effect in soil. An implicit–explicit transition calculation algorithm was implemented to predict the permanent deformation under high-cycle traffic loading through the data transfer and conversion between implicit and explicit numerical stages, in which the mixed “implicit” and “explicit” calculation strategy were carried out based on the high-cycle accumulation (HCA) model. By using the proposed algorithm, a cross-section of high-speed railway GRPS embankment was selected as a case for discussion. Results indicate that the affected areas of stress concentration over piles in the embankment are reduced under traffic loading. With different levels of stability, the variation of stress concentration ratio of the arching effect can be mainly classified into three groups: stable, gradually weakened, and destroyed. Through parameter study, the effect of subsoil stiffness is discussed and a reasonable modulus ratio between pile and subsoil is suggested for the design reference.

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Numerical multi‐span segmented trapdoor test with viscoelastic boundary for soil arching within pile‐supported embankment under cyclic loading

Zhou,

Zhang,

Zhou

et al. 2023

Num Anal Meth Geomechanics

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Dynamic wave reflections would interfere with the laboratory observation of the soil arching under cyclic loading when a traditional trapdoor model with rigid boundaries was used. This problem would be prominent when investigating the soil arching in pile‐supported embankments where the stationary support (pile) would be small, making the rigid boundary close to the domain of interest affected by dynamic loads. To avoid dynamic wave reflections and narrow the calculation domain, soil arching within a pile‐supported embankment under cyclic loading is numerically investigated in a multi‐span segmented trapdoor model with flexible boundaries by the particle flow code (PFC). In addition, a pavement structure is included and the springs supporting the trapdoor follow a bi‐linear constitutive model. The energy‐absorbing flexible boundary at the bottom weakens the dynamic wave reflections and is in favor of passing vertical dynamic waves to compact the fill and weaken the influence of cyclic loading on the soil arching effect during the loading stage. Lateral flexible boundaries would facilitate realistically reproducing the effect of cyclic loading on the soil arching because they could consider the weakening of the plugging effect that occurs during the lateral expansion. The development of soil arches of mid‐span and side‐span are different when the load applied at the mid‐span is laterally transferred to adjacent spans by the arching effect.

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Experimental Investigation of Soil Arching Mobilization and Degradation under Localized Surface Loading

Cited by 85 publications

References 24 publications

Soil Arching of Piled Embankment in Equal Settlement Pattern: A Discrete Element Analysis

Soil Arching of Piled Embankment in Equal Settlement Pattern: A Discrete Element Analysis

Long-Term Stability of High-Speed Railway Geosynthetic Reinforced Pile-Supported Embankment Subjected to Traffic Loading Considering Arching Effect

Numerical multi‐span segmented trapdoor test with viscoelastic boundary for soil arching within pile‐supported embankment under cyclic loading

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