Experimental investigation of the flow dynamics and rheology of complex fluids in pipe flow by hybrid multi-scale velocimetry

Haavisto, Sanna; Cardona, Maria J.; Salmela, Juha; Powell, Robert L.; McCarthy, Michael J.; Kataja, M.; Koponen, Antti

doi:10.1007/s00348-017-2440-9

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…An attractive option to eliminate the effect of slip in the rheological analysis is to use velocity profiling, i.e. to measure the flow profile of the MNFC suspension in the research geometry explicitly (Salmela et al 2013;Haavisto et al 2015a;Lauri et al 2017;Haavisto et al 2017;Kataja et al 2017). When combined with pressure loss (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pipe rheology of microfibrillated cellulose suspensions

Turpeinen

Jäsberg

Haavisto³

et al. 2019

Cellulose

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The shear rheology of two mechanically manufactured microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) suspensions was studied in a consistency range of 0.2-2.0% with a pipe rheometer combined with ultrasound velocity profiling. The MFC suspensions behaved at all consistencies as shear thinning power law fluids. Despite their significantly different particle size, the viscous behavior of the suspensions was quantitatively similar. For both suspensions, the dependence of yield stress and the consistency index on consistency was a power law with an exponent of 2.4, similar to some pulp suspensions. The dependence of flow index on consistency was also a power law, with an exponent of -0.36. The slip flow was very strong for both MFCs and contributed up to 95% to the flow rate. When wall shear stress exceeded two times the yield stress, slip flow caused drag reduction with consistencies higher than 0.8%. When inspecting the slip velocities of both suspensions as a function of wall shear stress scaled with the yield stress, a good data collapse was obtained. The observed similarities in the shear rheology of both the MFC suspensions and the similar behavior of some pulp fiber suspensions suggests that the shear rheology of MFC suspensions might be more universal than has previously been realized.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pipe rheology of microfibrillated cellulose suspensions

Turpeinen

Jäsberg

Haavisto³

et al. 2019

Cellulose

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“…3) was determined directly from a B-scan structural image composed of 4,096 A-scans in a spatial range of 5.00 mm, and there was no fitting between the two data sets. The agreement between the two data sets is excellent-DOCT can obviously be used for quantitative velocity measurements out-of-the-box without the need for calibration (see also Haavisto et al, 2017). The real measurement depth depends on the material properties.…”

Section: Doppler Optical Coherence Tomographymentioning

confidence: 90%

“…0.5-1 %) was adjusted to balance between the DOCT signal intensity and its penetration depth. In Haavisto et al (2017) the measurement depth of Telesto I was about 1.2 mm for 1 % creamer and 0.01 % xanthan gum water solutions, and 0.4 % softwood and 0.4 % microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) suspensions. Obviously, the maximum measurable velocity can limit the measurement depth considerably.…”

Section: Doppler Optical Coherence Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Villey et al (2010) used TD-OCT and a zero crossing algorithm to obtain velocity maps in a 1.0-mm capillary free from phase aliasing or other common OCT artifacts. In Haavisto et al (2017), DOCT was combined with MRI to measure the mean velocity profiles of turbulent flow of pure water and a xanthan gum solution in a 19-mm pipe. The combined velocity profiles obtained were in excellent agreement with their theoretical counterparts (see Fig.…”

Section: Turbulent Flowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Industry-Related Flows by Optical Coherence Tomography—A Review

Koponen

Haavisto²

2020

KONA

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Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a light-based imaging method capable of simultaneously capturing the internal structure and motion (1D, 2D or 3D) of various opaque and turbid materials with a micron-level spatial resolution. Depending on the OCT technology, axial scanning rates can vary in a range of tens to hundreds of kHz. The actual imaging depth significantly depends on the optical properties of the material and can vary from micrometers to a few millimeters. From the viewpoint of industrial applications, OCT technology is very appealing. Due to its resolution, speed, and ability to deal with opaque materials, it fills an apparent gap in available measurement methods. Nonetheless, OCT has not to date seen widespread growth in the industrial field. This has been at least partly due to a lack of commercial devices compact and flexible enough to adapt to industrial needs. The recent emergence of more generic commercial OCT devices has considerably lowered the threshold for adapting the technique. The utilization of OCT for structural analysis, also outside the medical field, has been thoroughly discussed in scientific literature. Therefore, in this paper, we will mainly concentrate on applications of OCT that also utilize its capability of performing velocity measurements. The emphasis will be on industrially motivated problems such as rheology, microfluidics, fouling and turbulence.

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“…Consequently, it is not possible to use them in pulp suspension flows not belonging to the dilute range. For data collection in pulp suspensions, among the more promising techniques can be found Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA) (Optomet GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany) [4], Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) (National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, Bethesda, MD, USA) [5], Ultrasonic Velocity Profiling (UVP) (MET-FLOW S.A., Lausanne, Switzerland) [6], Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) (PHOENIX TECHNOLOGY GROUP, Pleasanton, CA, USA) [7], Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) (DANTEC DYNAMICS, Skovlunde, Denmark) [8], X-ray tomography (Department of Physics P.O., University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylän yliopisto, Finland) [9], Gamma ray densitometry [10], and Electrical Tomography (ET) (PASI SRL, Torino, Italy) [11].…”

Section: Pulp Suspensions Imaging Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Tomography: A Review of Configurations, and Application to Fibre Flow Suspensions Characterisation

et al. 2020

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Understanding the behaviour of suspension flows continues to be a subject of great interest considering its industrial relevance, regardless of the long time and effort dedicated to it by the scientific and industrial communities. Information about several flow characteristics, such as flow regimen, relative velocity between phases, and spatial distribution of the phases, are essential for the development of exact models for description of processes involving pulp suspension. Among the diverse non-invasive techniques for flow characterisation that have been reported in the literature for obtaining experimental data about suspension flow in different processes, Electrical Tomography is one of the most interesting, since it presents perhaps the best compromise among cost, portability, and, above all, safety of handling (indeed there is no need to use radiation, which requires special care when using it). In this paper, a brief review and comparison between existing technologies for pulp suspension flow monitoring will be presented, together with their strengths and weaknesses. Emphasis is given to Electrical Tomography, because it offers the above-mentioned compromise and thus was the strategy adopted by the authors to characterise different flow processes (solid–liquid, liquid–liquid, fibres, etc.). The produced portable EIT system is described, and examples of results of its use for pulp suspension flow characterisation are reported and discussed.

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Experimental investigation of the flow dynamics and rheology of complex fluids in pipe flow by hybrid multi-scale velocimetry

Cited by 19 publications

References 46 publications

Pipe rheology of microfibrillated cellulose suspensions

Pipe rheology of microfibrillated cellulose suspensions

Analysis of Industry-Related Flows by Optical Coherence Tomography—A Review

Electrical Tomography: A Review of Configurations, and Application to Fibre Flow Suspensions Characterisation

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