Experimental Investigation on Laser Metal Deposition of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy with Coaxial Local Shielding Gas Nozzle

Li, Gang; Zhang, Jinchao; Shi, Tao; Shi, Jianjun; Cheng, Dongji; Lü, Lin; Shi, Shihong

doi:10.1007/s11665-020-05283-x

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Conventional LDED heads typically feature central shielding gas feed mechanisms, i.e., filling the entire fabrication chamber with inert gas. However, central shielding can be costly and has disadvantages, including limitations on the possible size of fabricated parts due to the chamber size [174,175]. This method is known to cause turbulence in the gas stream, resulting in a higher and problematic intake of oxygen [54].…”

Section: Deposition Characteristics 71 Shielding Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Wire-Laser Directed Energy Deposition: Parameter Control, Process Stability, and Future Research Paths

Ghanadi,

Pasebani

2024

JMMP

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Wire-laser directed energy deposition has emerged as a transformative technology in metal additive manufacturing, offering high material deposition efficiency and promoting a cleaner process environment compared to powder processes. This technique has gained attention across diverse industries due to its ability to expedite production and facilitate the repair or replication of valuable components. This work reviews the state-of-the-art in wire-laser directed energy deposition to gain a clear understanding of key process variables and identify challenges affecting process stability. Furthermore, this paper explores modeling and monitoring methods utilized in the literature to enhance the final quality of fabricated parts, thereby minimizing the need for repeated experiments, and reducing material waste. By reviewing existing literature, this paper contributes to advancing the current understanding of wire-laser directed energy deposition technology. It highlights the gaps in the literature while underscoring research needs in wire-laser directed energy deposition.

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Section: Deposition Characteristics 71 Shielding Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Wire-Laser Directed Energy Deposition: Parameter Control, Process Stability, and Future Research Paths

Ghanadi,

Pasebani

2024

JMMP

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“…The most utilised shielding gas in laser cladding is argon gas. The existence of harmful gases can lead to the oxidation of clads, which lowers the quality of the cladding and their resistance to deteriorating attacks in heat exchangers, making shielding gas a crucial parameter [175]. For instance, Li et al [175] deposited bulk components of 4 clads with varying external shielding gas rates, labelled Q1 (14 L/min), Q2 (18 L/min), Q3 (30 L/min), and Q4 (50 L/min).…”

Section: Processing Of Functionally Graded Coatings For Heat Exchange...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The existence of harmful gases can lead to the oxidation of clads, which lowers the quality of the cladding and their resistance to deteriorating attacks in heat exchangers, making shielding gas a crucial parameter [175]. For instance, Li et al [175] deposited bulk components of 4 clads with varying external shielding gas rates, labelled Q1 (14 L/min), Q2 (18 L/min), Q3 (30 L/min), and Q4 (50 L/min). They observed that at lower shielding gas values of Q1, there was oxidation that led to bluish discolouration, which became yellowish in Q2, and silver in Q3 and Q4, as shown in Figure 41.…”

Section: Processing Of Functionally Graded Coatings For Heat Exchange...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can be seen that oxidation damage the surface integrity of clads, which can make the FGM clads meant for surface modification of boiler pipes succumb to corrosion attack including galvanic corrosion.

Figure 41 Discolouration of clads due to oxidation as shielding gas velocity is varied [175]. …”

Section: Processing Of Functionally Graded Coatings For Heat Exchange...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The potential use of laser cladded functionally graded materials to mitigate degradation in boiler tube heat exchangers for power plant applications: A review

Morake,

Mutua,

Ruthandi

et al. 2023

Surface Engineering

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Surface modification is essential to safeguard heat exchangers from premature failure spurred by deterioration mechanisms such as corrosion and wear, which diminish performance. Meanwhile, modifying some substrates with dissimilar materials is challenging due to a mismatch in material properties. Moreover, individual alloy coatings on substrates are usually insufficient in the required material properties, leading to accelerated failure of equipment, especially in power plant industries. This article summarised the knowledge base on functionally graded materials (FGMs) while emphasising how this promising class of novel materials can reduce deterioration. Additionally, laser cladding is established to be a suitable technique for processing FGMs. A particular focus is laid on the laser beam interaction with the FGM and expounding on the processing and material parameters that affect the microstructural properties of FGMs. The development prospects for processing FGMs with superior clad quality characteristics to increase boiler pipes' service life and performance are also highlighted.

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“…A single powder feeding tube was installed coaxially in the middle of the annular beam, and thus, the powder stream was surrounded by the annular laser, in contrast to the traditional powder feeding nozzle of LMD, in which the solid laser beam is in the middle of the oblique powder streams. In order to protect the ALMD process from atmospheric contamination in an open environment, a developed coaxial double-layer shielding device was employed [23] to generate a local inert atmosphere around the molten pool, replacing the common sealed chamber. The whole ALMD process was steady, and there was no significant spatter formation, as shown in Figure 1c.…”

Section: Materials and Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Annular Laser Metal Deposition (ALMD) Process Parameters on Track Geometry and Thermal History on Ti6Al4V Alloy Clad

et al. 2023

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Annular laser metal deposition (ALMD) is a rising technology that fabricates near-net-shaped components. In this research, a single factor experiment with 18 groups was designed to study the influence of process parameters on the geometric characteristics (bead width, bead height, fusion depth, and fusion line) and thermal history of Ti6Al4V tracks. The results show that discontinuous and uneven tracks with pores or large-sized incomplete fusion defects were observed when the laser power was less than 800 W or the defocus distance was −5 mm. The laser power had a positive effect on the bead width and height, while the scanning speed had the opposite effect. The shape of the fusion line varied at different defocus distances, and the straight fusion line could be obtained with the appropriate process parameters. The scanning speed was the parameter that had the greatest effect on the molten pool lifetime and solidification time as well as the cooling rate. In addition, the microstructure and microhardness of the thin wall sample were also studied. Many clusters with various sizes in different zones were distributed within the crystal. The microhardness ranged from 330 HV to 370 HV.

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Experimental Investigation on Laser Metal Deposition of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy with Coaxial Local Shielding Gas Nozzle

Cited by 14 publications

References 18 publications

A Review on Wire-Laser Directed Energy Deposition: Parameter Control, Process Stability, and Future Research Paths

A Review on Wire-Laser Directed Energy Deposition: Parameter Control, Process Stability, and Future Research Paths

The potential use of laser cladded functionally graded materials to mitigate degradation in boiler tube heat exchangers for power plant applications: A review

Effect of Annular Laser Metal Deposition (ALMD) Process Parameters on Track Geometry and Thermal History on Ti6Al4V Alloy Clad

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