Experimental investigation on the flame front resistance of gas channel growth with melt formation in iron ore sinter beds

Zhou, Hao; Zhou, Mingxi; Ma, Pengnan; Cheng, M.

doi:10.1016/j.proci.2018.09.027

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the model of Loo and Hutchens, the greater resistance to air flow during sintering was explained in terms of the structure of the flame front. The author's previous work 8) and Zhou et al 9) have shown that the pressure drop in the humidified bed and sintered bed account for ~30% to ~40% of total pressure drop during the initial period of sintering. The model of Loo and Hutchens can therefore be extended by considering the resistance of a range of zones occurring during sintering i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flame front propagation is a complex process which involves heat transfer, a number of chemical reac-tions, phase change through melt formation and associated structural changes in the bed during sintering. [4][5][6][7][8][9] Resistance to air flow during sintering is an active research area which has been previously investigated by many authors and several theoretical and numerical models have been developed. [9][10][11][12][13] These models typically suggest that the maximum resistance to air flow occurs in the flame front.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4][5][6][7][8][9] Resistance to air flow during sintering is an active research area which has been previously investigated by many authors and several theoretical and numerical models have been developed. [9][10][11][12][13] These models typically suggest that the maximum resistance to air flow occurs in the flame front. 1) Loo and Hutchens 11) introduced a semi-empirical equation to quantify the resistance to air flow during sintering and showed that sintering air flow is a strong function of air flow in the green bed before sintering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A starting temperature for the flame front of 700°C was proposed by Long 16) whereas a higher temperature of 800°C was proposed by Fu et al 15) and both reported the end of the flame front at maximum temperature. Zhou et al 9) measured the pressure drop at multiple points in their pilot scale sinter pot, however the temperature was only measured at one or two locations. Zhou et al 9) concluded that the maximum resistance occurred in a high temperature zone which included the combustion zone ( > 727°C) and melting zone ( > 1 100°C).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zhou et al 9) measured the pressure drop at multiple points in their pilot scale sinter pot, however the temperature was only measured at one or two locations. Zhou et al 9) concluded that the maximum resistance occurred in a high temperature zone which included the combustion zone ( > 727°C) and melting zone ( > 1 100°C). The presence of different definitions of flame front in the literature 6,9,[14][15][16][17] shows the necessity to develop a better understanding of the specific region where the maximum resistance to air flow occurs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Iron Ore Sintering in Milli-Pot: Comparison to Pilot Scale and Identification of Maximum Resistance to Air Flow

Singh¹,

Zhang

et al. 2021

ISIJ Int.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the iron ore sintering process, the resistance to air flow is a major factor in deciding the flame front speed, which influences the sinter productivity and quality. In this work, pressure drop during sintering and the resistance to air flow was investigated in milli-pot sintering for different coke rates. The sintering experiments were conducted in a milli-pot (diameter 53 mm, height 400 mm) and pressure and temperature were measured at the same locations in the bed by four taps located equidistant to each other. The yield of sinter product was measured following a modified drop test and the mineralogy of the sinter product was analysed. The results from milli-pot sintering were then compared to the reported results from standard pilot-scale sintering, and it was found that the lower half of the milli-pot bed gave a reasonable representation of the pilot-scale sintering process. The results of sinter mineralogy, yield and productivity of the lower half of milli-pot at 5.5-8.0% coke rate were found to be similar to pilot-scale sintering tests at a corresponding coke rate from 3.5 to 5.5%. The maximum resistance to air flow in the bed was found to be in the region between the leading edge of the flame front at ~100°C and the trailing edge of the flame front at ~1 200°C. This suggests that the maximum resistance to air flow includes the effect of de-humidification and combustion in addition to the high temperature "flame front" region usually defined at temperatures above 1 100°C or 1 200°C.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Iron Ore Sintering in Milli-Pot: Comparison to Pilot Scale and Identification of Maximum Resistance to Air Flow

Singh¹,

Zhang

et al. 2021

ISIJ Int.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Effect of granulating characteristics on harmless disposal of waste selective catalytic reduction catalyst in iron ore sintering process

Zhou

Zuo

et al. 2020

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The harmless treatment of waste selective catalytic reduction catalyst has become a thorny problem. In this investigation, a new method of harmless disposal of waste catalyst by utilizing iron ore sintering process is proposed, and the effect of granulating characteristics is studied. Results show that better bed permeability, shorter sintering time, and faster flame front speed could be characterized by applying higher granulating moisture. Sinter mineral and microstructure research found that wider distribution of skeleton‐crystal hematite while less calcium ferrite could be observed at higher granulating moisture. The porosity of sinter increases from 30.82% for granulating moisture 6.0% to 36.54% for granulating moisture 7.5% while the circle factor of pores decreases. Sinter index research results indicate that both tumbler index and yield have a descended trend whereas flame front speed increases with higher granulating moisture added. Productivity first increases then drops with increasing granulating moisture. Finally, a comprehensive index is used to evaluate the influence of granulating characteristics on sintering process, which first increases from 100 to 121 as granulating moisture increases from 6% to 6.5% then drops to 70.8 when granulating moisture further increases to 7.5%. The granulating moisture of 6.5% is recommended in present study.

show abstract

Flame front propagation and sinter strength properties of permeable sintering bed prepared via enhanced granulation with hydrated lime

Zhou

2020

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper is focused on investigating the influences of enhanced granulation with hydrated lime on the propagation of flame front and strength properties of the produced sinter in iron ore sintering. Pilot‐scale sinter pot experiments were performed at three hydrated lime levels, and the porous structures of sinter were reconstructed by high resolution X‐ray tomography. When hydrated lime increased from 0% to 2%, more permeable green bed with enlarged granule mean size and narrowed granule size distribution could be obtained, and sinter productivity increased from 37.3 to 40.7 t/m2/d while tumbler index of sinter decreased from 62.7% to 55.0%. Both the bed temperature and pressure profiles verified that hydrated lime addition fasten sintering by reduction of heat accumulation and acceleration of flame front speed in sintering bed. The three‐dimensional stress analysis based on the actual microstructures showed that more irregular sinter particles with higher porosity are obtained with higher hydrated lime due to the insufficient melt formation and coalescence during sintering. Sinter with 2% hydrated lime was much more compliant under the fixed compression, exhibiting larger potential to be deformed in locations including bridges with the small cross sections and notches with the small fillet radius.

show abstract

Experimental investigation on the flame front resistance of gas channel growth with melt formation in iron ore sinter beds

Cited by 16 publications

References 25 publications

Iron Ore Sintering in Milli-Pot: Comparison to Pilot Scale and Identification of Maximum Resistance to Air Flow

Iron Ore Sintering in Milli-Pot: Comparison to Pilot Scale and Identification of Maximum Resistance to Air Flow

Effect of granulating characteristics on harmless disposal of waste selective catalytic reduction catalyst in iron ore sintering process

Flame front propagation and sinter strength properties of permeable sintering bed prepared via enhanced granulation with hydrated lime

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About