Experimental Investigation on Wideband Optical Frequency Comb Generation Based on a Gain-Switched 1550 nm Multi-Transverse Mode Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser Subject to Dual Optical Injection

Abstract

A scheme for generating wideband optical frequency comb (OFC) is proposed and experimentally investigated based on a master-slave system. In such a system, a tunable optical resource and a distributed feedback semiconductor laser are utilized as master lasers (MLs), and their outputs provide dual optical injection (DOI) into a slave laser (SL) which is a 1550 nm multi-transverse mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (1550 nm-VCSEL) operating at gain-switched state. For the 1550 nm-VCSEL biased at a relatively high current, two low-order transverse modes LP01 and LP11 can simultaneously lase and possess comparable powers. After loaded a large signal modulation, the 1550 nm-VCSEL can be driven into gain-switched state, and two separated sub-combs originating from two transverse modes can be generated. Through further introducing DOI to the gain-switched 1550 nm-VCSEL, the two sub-combs can link up to form an overall OFC under suitable operation parameters. The experimental results show that, through selecting optimized operating parameters, the bandwidth of the integral OFC within 10 dB amplitude variation can achieve 150.0 GHz. Additionally, the effects of the wavelengths of the two injection lights on the bandwidth of the overall OFC are also analyzed. INDEX TERMS Optical frequency comb, multi-transverse mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser, gain-switched, dual optical injection.

Generation of tunable and broadband optical frequency comb based on gain-switching vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser driven by square wave signal under optical injection

“…It has been widely applied in arbitrary waveform generator 2,3 , optical metrology 4,5 , optical wavelength division multiplexing [6][7][8] , and other frontier fields. At present, OFC generation approaches mainly include laser mode locking technology 8 , micro ring resonance 9 , electro-optic modulator 10,11 , and gain-switching laser [12][13][14] . Especially, the scheme for generating OFC based on a gain-switching laser has received extensive attention due to the advantages of a relatively simple experimental system and easily tunable comb spacing.…”

Optical Frequency Comb Expansion Using Mutually Injection-Locked Gain-Switched Lasers

“…However, the architecture and components used increased the cost and complexity of the expanded OFC source. Other expansion schemes reported include the use of the dual-mode injection locking of an FP laser [35], cascaded EI-GS FP lasers [36], dual-drive MZM modulators [37], and of the dual-polarization effect in VCSELs [38]. However, these approaches resulted in a limited expansion and in an OFC with a poor optical carrier to noise ratio (OCNR).…”