Experimental investigation to estimate the discharge coefficient of a grate inlet under surcharge conditions

Gómez, Manuel; Russo, Beniamino; Alvarez, Jackson David Tellez

doi:10.1080/1573062x.2019.1634107

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Such models are too computationally expensive to be used in direct flood modelling applications; however, there is further potential to utilise such complex models to evaluate simpler semiempirical weir/orifice relationships currently used to describe surface/sewer interaction. Such semiempirical relationships have been found to be sensitive to interaction structure type, inlet characteristics and geometry as well as unsteady hydraulic conditions [12,30,46,47], and thus benefit from case-specific calibration. Similarly, the calibrated model has been shown to accurately reproduce solute concentration profiles (and thus mass flow rates) measured downstream of the manhole structure under a range of flow rates during cases where sewer flow interacts with surface flood water.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD Modelling of the Transport of Soluble Pollutants from Sewer Networks to Surface Flows during Urban Flood Events

Beg

Rubinato

Carvalho

et al. 2020

Water

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Surcharging urban drainage systems are a potential source of pathogenic contamination of floodwater. While a number of previous studies have investigated net sewer to surface hydraulic flow rates through manholes and gullies during flood events, an understanding of how pollutants move from sewer networks to surface flood water is currently lacking. This paper presents a 3D CFD model to quantify flow and solute mass exchange through hydraulic structures featuring complex interacting pipe and surface flows commonly associated with urban flood events. The model is compared against experimental datasets from a large-scale physical model designed to study pipe/surface interactions during flood simulations. Results show that the CFD model accurately describes pipe to surface flow partition and solute transport processes through the manhole in the experimental setup. After validation, the model is used to elucidate key timescales which describe mass flow rates entering surface flows from pipe networks. Numerical experiments show that following arrival of a well-mixed solute at the exchange structure, solute mass exchange to the surface grows asymptotically to a value equivalent to the ratio of flow partition, with associated timescales a function of the flow conditions and diffusive transport inside the manhole.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD Modelling of the Transport of Soluble Pollutants from Sewer Networks to Surface Flows during Urban Flood Events

Beg

Rubinato

Carvalho

et al. 2020

Water

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“…This section presents the experimental facility that was used for the laboratory campaign and test protocol. The experiment campaign was carried out in the hydraulic laboratory of the Technical University of Catalonia (Barcelona) through a platform already used in previous studies [9,10,42,43] ( Figure 1). The platform was 5.5 long and 3 m wide and allowed us to change the longitudinal slope from 0 to 10% and the transversal slope from 0 to 4%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tests were carried out in steady flow conditions in all cases. The transverse slope was constant and equal to 2% for the different tests (this value is the most common one for pavement design used in Barcelona [42].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of these references demonstrate that the main interest of previous studies was oriented to the loss coefficients associated with the flow in the sewer networks, but not to the outflow through the grate inlets. This context justified the development of a specific experimental campaign focused on the estimation of local head loss and discharge coefficients for two surcharged grated inlets at the hydraulic laboratory of the Technical University of Catalonia [34,42].…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Location of 20 points over the grate[42].Water 2020, 12, x FOR PEER REVIEW 6 of 14 electromagnetic flow meter installed in the pipe circuits (Figure 2b), in order to guarantee a precision less than 0.5 L/s and to avoid significant not estimated local head losses. For all the tests, the pipes of the circuit were under pressure with turbulent flow.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Quantification of Energy Loss in Two Grated Inlets under Pressure

Alvarez

Gómez

Russo

2020

Water

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Grated inlets have the normal function of collecting the surface runoff into sewer networks, but when the flow exceeds the capacity of the sewer pipes and conduits get pressurized, an outflow from the sewer manholes and grates can occur. In this case, the grate produces an energy loss in the outflow from sewer to street that could be hydraulically quantified characterizing this kind of flow. Energy loss analysis in trash racks can be found in technical literature, but no specific studies on sewer grate inlets have been found. For this reason, some experiments in full scale were developed in the hydraulic laboratory of the Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) in order to quantify hydraulic energy losses associated with flow through grated inlets during surcharging conditions. The main goal of this research work was to experimentally quantify the values of the local loss coefficient k for two different surcharged real scale grated inlets existing in Barcelona. For the tested overflows between 20 and 50 L/s, a range from 0.25 to 3.41 was observed for k coefficients under different average velocities of reference and different flow conditions.

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