Experimental investigations on the behavior of GFRP bar reinforced HSC and UHSC beams under static and impact loading

Flexural behaviour of ambient cured geopolymer concrete beams reinforced with BFRP bars under static and impact loads

“…It can be seen that when a new crack initiated, the load recorded by the load cell decreased slightly due to the release and redistribution of stress. The curve includes three main stages, namely, the uncracked stage (OA), the post-cracking stage (AB), and the post-concretecrushing stage (BC), which have been also reported in the previous studies on both OPC beams [32,33] and GPC beams [30,34] reinforced with GFRP bars. The initial crack occurred at the load of 17.8 kN (point A) and the stiffness of the beam decreased from 59.0 kN/mm to 4.2 kN/mm.…”

“…The crack patterns of these two types of beams were similar while the BFRP reinforced IPC beams had a much larger maximum crack width due to the lower elastic modulus of BFRP bars as compared to steel bars. However, the test results by other researchers on both OPC and GPC beams reinforced with FRP bars experienced three-stage loadmidspan deflection curves, i.e., an uncracked stage, a post-cracking stage, and a post-concrete crushing stage that the beam could carry further load after concrete started crushing [30,[32][33][34]. Maranan et al [30] considered this behaviour could be due to the confinement effect provided by the FRP stirrups that enhanced the ductility and strength of the beams.…”

“…Concrete structures may be subjected to impact loads, such as rock fall, vehicle impact, and terrorist attacks during their service life. Previous studies mainly focused on the impact behaviour of OPC beams reinforced with conventional steel reinforcements [36][37][38][39] and very limited studies on the impact behaviour of OPC beams reinforced with FRP bars [32,33,40,41] were reported in recent years.…”

“…Goldston et al [32,33] studied the performances of normal strength concrete (NSC), high strength concrete (HSC), and ultra-high strength concrete (UHSC) beams reinforced with GFRP bars under static and impact loads. The effects of reinforcement ratio, concrete strength, and dropping height were investigated and an average dynamic amplification factor (DAF) of 1.15-1.17 of the experimental dynamic moment capacity was obtained with respect to the static moment capacity.…”

State-of-the-Art Review on Responses of RC Structures Subjected to Lateral Impact Loads

“…With the purpose of protective design of RC structures against impact loads, several research works can be found in the literature investigating the performance of RC beams retrofitted and reinforced by high-strength composite materials such FRP [197,198], steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) [199] CFRP laminates [200][201][202], UHPFRC [187], recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) [184], glass FRP (GFRP) rebars [203], engineered cementitious composites (ECC) containing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers [204], high strength steel wire mesh and high performance mortar (HSSWM-HPM) [182], coconut fibre reinforced concrete (CFRC) beams strengthened with flax fibre reinforced polymer (FFRP) [205], or strengthened by steel jackets [138,205]. Also, there exist some limited numbers of research works studying the performance of precast concrete beams under impact loads [172,183].…”