Experimental manipulation of water levels in two French riverine grassland soils

Oorschot, M. van; Gaalen, Nils van; Maltby, E.; Mockler, Natalie; Spink, Andrew; Verhoeven, Jos T. A.

doi:10.1016/s1146-609x(00)00116-8

Cited by 33 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The total soil nitrogen concentrations found in this study, on average 4.3 mg g -1 for semi-natural grassland soils and 3.4 mg g -1 for agricultural grasslands soils, are comparable with values found for grassland soils in earlier studies; i.e., up to 3.75 mg g -1 for 50-year-old L. perennegrasslands (Accoe et al 2004) and 2.95 mg g -1 for a grazed floodplain grassland (Van Oorschot et al 2000). Lowest total nitrogen concentrations were found in the soils from the agricultural grassland.…”

Section: Mesocosm Application Considerationssupporting

confidence: 89%

Response of nitrogen dynamics in semi-natural and agricultural grassland soils to experimental variation in tide and salinity

et al. 2007

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In the framework of rehabilitation efforts to enhance the ecological value of closed-off estuaries, we studied the effects of restoring a tidal movement and seawater incursion on soil nitrogen conversion rates and vegetation response of semi-natural and agricultural grasslands in an outdoor mesocosm experiment. Intact soil monoliths including vegetation were collected in June 2004 on two locations on the shores of the Haringvliet lagoon in the southwestern part of the Netherlands, which used to be a well-developed estuary before closure in 1970. For more than 1 year, soil monoliths were continuously subjected to a full-factorial combination of tidal treatment [stagnant/tidal (0.20 m amplitude)] and water type [(freshwater, oligohaline (salinity = 3)]. Soil, soil moisture and water nitrogen concentrations were monitored for a year, as well as vegetation response and nitrogen conversion rates in the soil. As expected, nitrogen mineralization rates were enhanced by the tidal treatment in comparison with the stagnant treatment. Denitrification rates however, were much less affected by tide and were even lower in the tidal treatments after 3 months in the agricultural grassland soils, implying that in general, soils were more oxic in the tidal treatments. Oligohaline treatments had virtually no effect on soil nitrogen conversion rates compared to freshwater treatments. Vegetation performance, however, was lower under saline conditions, especially in the semi-natural grassland. No further significant differences in response to the tidal and oligohaline treatments were found between the two soils although they differed strongly in soil characteristics. We conclude that if the rehabilitation measures in the former Haringvliet estuary are carried out as planned, drastic changes in soil nitrogen processes and vegetation composition will not occur.

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Section: Mesocosm Application Considerationssupporting

confidence: 89%

Response of nitrogen dynamics in semi-natural and agricultural grassland soils to experimental variation in tide and salinity

et al. 2007

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“…In addition, ammonia volatilization and nitrification were another two mechanisms of N reduction in upper soil layers. Ammonia volatilization occurred under alkaline conditions (Zhu and Wen 1992) with higher soil pH values (7.8-9.19), and nitrification did under aerobic conditions (Eh>300 mV) (van Oorschot et al 2000) with low water tables without overlaying water except B in the study area. Although nitrification rates are low under anaerobic conditions (Reddy and Patrick 1984), there exited an oxidation layer in the interface of water-soil in B area, so that mineralization and subsequent nitrification could occur in this layer (Patrick and Reddy 1960).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…This is associated with the flood pulse (Junk et al 1989), in that they are frequently inundated with water bearing sediments rich in organic matter and nutrients (Spink et al 1998). River flooding influences floodplain nutrient cycling through eroding and depositing soil material and adsorbed nutrients, and changing soil physicochemical conditions, such as redox potential and pH (Pinary et al 1992;van Oorschot et al 2000). Some studies have demonstrated that hydroperiod significantly influenced the concentrations, forms and transformation of nutrients and plant productivity in wetland ecosystem (Bai et al 2005b;Mitsch and Gosselink 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution of inorganic nitrogen contents of marsh soils in a river floodplain with different flood frequencies from soil-defrozen period

Bai

Deng

Wang

et al. 2007

Environ Monit Assess

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Contents of inorganic nitrogen (NH4(+)-N and NO3(-)-N) in soil profiles were measured in five typical zones ( including permanently flooded floodplain(B), 1-year floodplain (O), 5-year floodplain (F),10-year floodplain (T), and 100-year floodplain (H) )from Huolin River floodplain in Erbaifangzi, Jilin Province of China, in the soil-defrosted period (Mayof 1999). Contour maps and profile maps were constructed to describe the spatial distributions of NH4(+)-N and NO3(-)-N) in order to identify the influences of flood frequencies on them. Results showed that NH4(+)-N generally increased with depth in soil profiles from the five areas, but NH4(+)-N contents in T or H areas significantly differed from those in other areas. For NO3(-)-N, with the exception that there was a significant cumulative peak (6.77 +/- 0.08 mg kg(-1)) at 15-cm depth (10-20 cm) in B area, no significant difference was observed between NO3(-)-N contents in soil profiles from the other four areas. The horizontal distributions of NH4(+)-N and NO3(-)-N in top soils (0-10 cm) were different in the five areas,which were greatly influenced by flood frequencies. The highest content of NH4(+)-N or NO3(-)-N did not appear in B area but in the floodplain with certain flood frequency. For example, NH4(+)-N content (16.81 mg kg-(1)) in 5-year floodplain wetland was highest, and the highest content of NO3(-)-N(1.69 mg kg(-1)) appeared in 1-year floodplain wetland. In addition, NH4(+)-N contents were significantly correlated with soil pH, and NO3(-)-N contents had significant correlation with inorganic carbon, but there were no significant correlations between inorganic nitrogen and other selected soil properties.

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“…Differences in NR and D according to the sampling dates could result from the evolution of the microbiota in relationship to soil water content before the time of sampling. Indeed, soil water content controls air diffusion, which in turn, along with aerobic respiratory activity, determines the soil oxygen content [17,53,54]. Low water content may also limit denitrification process because of higher redox potential and nitrate diffusion [51,54].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, Nijburg and co-workers [37,38] reported a lower proportion of nitrate-reducing bacterial isolates in the rhizosphere of the aerenchymatous wetland plant Glyceria maxima compared to nonrhizospheric soil, suggesting that the availability of nitrate is also crucial for nitrate dissimilation. Various studies showed that denitrification in soil is also influenced by soil properties and agricultural practices [9,12,17,40,54].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency and Diversity of Nitrate Reductase Genes among Nitrate-Dissimilating Pseudomonas in the Rhizosphere of Perennial Grasses Grown in Field Conditions

et al. 2005

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A total of 1246 Pseudomonas strains were isolated from the rhizosphere of two perennial grasses (Lolium perenne and Molinia coerulea) with different nitrogen requirements. The plants were grown in their native soil under ambient and elevated atmospheric CO 2 content (pCO 2 ) at the Swiss FACE (Free Air CO 2 Enrichment) facility. Root-, rhizosphere-, and non-rhizospheric soil-associated strains were characterized in terms of their ability to reduce nitrate during an in vitro assay and with respect to the genes encoding the membrane-bound (named NAR) and periplasmic (NAP) nitrate reductases so far described in the genus Pseudomonas. The diversity of corresponding genes was assessed by PCR-RFLP on narG and napA genes, which encode the catalytic subunit of nitrate reductases. The frequency of nitrate-dissimilating strains decreased with root proximity for both plants and was enhanced under elevated pCO 2 in the rhizosphere of L. perenne. NAR (54% of strains) as well as NAP (49%) forms were present in nitrate-reducing strains, 15.5% of the 439 strains tested harbouring both genes. The relative proportions of narG and napA detected in Pseudomonas strains were different according to root proximity and for both pCO 2 treatments: the NAR form was more abundant close to the root surface and for plants grown under elevated pCO 2 . Putative denitrifiers harbored mainly the membrane-bound (NAR) form of nitrate reductase. Finally, both narG and napA sequences displayed a high level of diversity. Anyway, this diversity was correlated neither with the root proximity nor with the pCO 2 treatment.

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Experimental manipulation of water levels in two French riverine grassland soils

Cited by 33 publications

References 40 publications

Response of nitrogen dynamics in semi-natural and agricultural grassland soils to experimental variation in tide and salinity

Response of nitrogen dynamics in semi-natural and agricultural grassland soils to experimental variation in tide and salinity

Spatial distribution of inorganic nitrogen contents of marsh soils in a river floodplain with different flood frequencies from soil-defrozen period

Frequency and Diversity of Nitrate Reductase Genes among Nitrate-Dissimilating Pseudomonas in the Rhizosphere of Perennial Grasses Grown in Field Conditions

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