Experimental measurement and numerical simulation of frost heave in saturated coarse-grained soil

Li, Anyuan; Niu, Fujun; Zheng, Hao; Akagawa, Satoshi; Lin, Zhijun; Luo, Jie

doi:10.1016/j.coldregions.2017.02.008

Cited by 55 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, the moisture content in the upper shear box was reduced. It was owing to the water migration in the CGS containing fine particles under negative temperature, which was also reported by Konrad [1] and Li et al [18]. When the temperature of the lower box reduced below 0°C, water in soil moved to the freezing front and the moisture content of the lower box increased.…”

Section: Features Of Water Migration Of Freeze-aw Interface In Cgssupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Compared with thawed soil, the difference of freeze-thaw interface in CGS was that a part of water freezes into ice and the unfrozen water and ice were coexistent [18,29]. Figure 15 shows the relationship of shear stress and shear displacement of both thawed CGS and freeze-thaw interface.…”

Section: Effect Of Ice On Strength Of Freeze-aw Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

“…e freeze-thaw sensitivity of soils has great effect on the slope stability and normal operation of infrastructures in cold regions [2,8]. It has been confirmed that the properties of CGS are sensitive to the freezing and thawing when it contains fine particles [18]. Further, Wang et al [19] determined the critical fine content of the freezethaw sensitive CGS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shear Properties and Mechanism of Freeze‐Thaw Interface in Unsaturated Coarse‐Grained Soil from Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau

Niu

et al. 2021

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Freeze-thaw interface in unsaturated coarse-grained soil (CGS) is a weak plane which can cause slope failures in cold regions. This study presents a series of large-scale direct shear tests on freeze-thaw interface in CGS through a temperature control system. The tested soil was taken from a high slope in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It was remolded with three dry densities (1.9, 2.0, and 2.15 g/cm3) and three moisture contents (9.0%, 11.5%, and 14.0%). With testing results, direct shear curves mainly performed as hardening deformation, and they were affected considerably by specimen conditions. The shear strength increased with both the increasing dry density and normal stress, but it was opposite with moisture content changed. The cohesion and internal friction angle increased with the increase in dry density but decreased with the moisture content. The particle movement and water migration of freeze-thaw interface in CGS during the test were significant, and they had close relations with the shear properties of specimens. And, an empirical model was produced to express the effect of pore ice on the shear strength of interface during the shear test. The tests and analysis in this study may provide useful references for CGS slope stability analysis in high cold regions.

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Section: Features Of Water Migration Of Freeze-aw Interface In Cgssupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Effect Of Ice On Strength Of Freeze-aw Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shear Properties and Mechanism of Freeze‐Thaw Interface in Unsaturated Coarse‐Grained Soil from Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau

Niu

et al. 2021

Advances in Civil Engineering

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“…In the case of CGS with saturated fines (Figure 11C), where coarse grains were floating in the fine grain, significant frost heave occurred. When the fines content was far more than the coarse grain content, an ice lens formed in the water-saturated freezing CGS (Li et al, 2017). One can conclude that the fines content strongly affected the water migration, pore ice formation, and frost heave ratio of the CGS, i.e., the fines content improved the frost susceptibility of the CGS, even when it was water unsaturated.…”

Section: Effects Of Fines Content and Initial Water Contentmentioning

confidence: 94%

Studies for Frost Heave Characteristics and the Prevention of the High-Speed Railway Roadbed in the Zoige Wetland, China

Niu

Liu

et al. 2021

Front. Earth Sci.

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The Xining–Chengdu high-speed railway crosses the Zoige Wetland, located on the northeast edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the upper reaches of the Yellow River. The cold climate and frost-heave-sensitive subgrade soil cause a large frost heave deformation of the roadbed, threatening the safety of trains. This article systematically studied the ground temperature development, frost heave characteristics, soil water content, and groundwater level variations by field investigation and monitoring. The maximum frost heave deformations of the natural flat ground and hillslope reached 25.64 and 3.17 mm, respectively, and this significant discrepancy was mainly caused by the groundwater supply conditions. Future roadbed stability on the flat ground may be compromised by frost heave deformation. To solve this problem, contrasting indoor tests were conducted to analyze the frost heave characteristics of natural ground clay and replacement coarse-grained soil (CGS). It was shown that the absorbed external water mainly changed into dispersed pore ice in the freezing CGS, while it mainly changed into the layered ice lens in the freezing clay. Further tests showed that the frost susceptibility of the CGS was proportional to the fines content and initial water content. The poorly graded CGS had weaker frost susceptibility than the well-graded CGS. The results suggest that anti-frost methods should be fully considered, including strict control of fines content and water content, prioritizing the use of poorly graded filling, and disruption of local water accumulation in the filling layer.

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“…Both temperature and equivalent water pressure have a significant effect on the unfrozen water, as shown in Eq. (22). A variation of L/∆vT a in equivalent water pressure is equal to 1 o C variation in temperature for the effect on h and θ u .…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frost heave in freezing soils: A quasi-static model for ice lens growth

Zhou

et al. 2019

Cold Regions Science and Technology

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Frost heave can have a very destructive impact on infrastructure in permafrost regions. The complexity of nanoscale ice-mineral interactions and their relation to the macroscale frost heave phenomenon make ice lens growth modelling an interesting but ch allenging task. Taking into account the limiting assumption of the constant segregation temperature in the segregation potential model, we propose here a new quasi-static model for ice lens growth under a time varying temperature based on the water activity criterion. In this model, the conventional pressure potential gradient in Darcy's law is replaced by a water activity based chemical potential gradient for the calculation of water flow velocity, which provides a better prediction of ice lens growth and is useful to describe the ice nucleation and the state of water at a specific temperature. M oreover, based on the analysis of the new developed model, a mathematical description of the segregation potential is provided here. The modified Kozeny-Carman equation is applied to determine the water permeability of a given soil. In our new model, the effects of the equivalent water pressure are taken into account to modify the freezing characteristic function. Hence, the temperature-and equivalent water pressure-dependent hydraulic permeability in the frozen fringe is mathematically determined and improved. By coupling the quasi-static model with the modified hydraulic permeability function, the numerical calculation of ice lens growth is validated based on the experimental data of the temperature of the ice lens measured in the laboratory. The prediction of ice lens growth using the proposed method contributes and facilitates the simplified calculation of frost heave in the field and/or laboratory scenarios at a quasi-static state, and thus enables a better understanding of phase change and fluid flow in partially frozen granular media (soils).

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Experimental measurement and numerical simulation of frost heave in saturated coarse-grained soil

Cited by 55 publications

References 18 publications

Shear Properties and Mechanism of Freeze‐Thaw Interface in Unsaturated Coarse‐Grained Soil from Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau

Shear Properties and Mechanism of Freeze‐Thaw Interface in Unsaturated Coarse‐Grained Soil from Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau

Studies for Frost Heave Characteristics and the Prevention of the High-Speed Railway Roadbed in the Zoige Wetland, China

Frost heave in freezing soils: A quasi-static model for ice lens growth

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