Experimental Measurements of Expected Mass Fraction in a Contaminant Plume

Sarathi, Partha; Gurka, Roi; Sullivan, Paul; Kopp, Gregory A.

doi:10.1007/s10546-010-9526-8

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…5.15). All three moments show an exponential decrease along the downstream direction as previously observed by [120]. The EMF moments (m n ) are directly related to one order higher spatially integrated moments (Eq.…”

Section: Spatially Integrated Concentration Moments and Their Application For Obtaining The Emfsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…However, it can also be applied to estimate concentration statistics in steady flows, such as those produced by contaminant jets, wakes, and plumes. Hence, it was demonstrated in the atmosphere [120,121] and in a groundwater environment [39]. The concentration moments on a plane normal to the mean flow direction x (see Fig.…”

Section: Methodology For Concentration Moments Developmentmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In this thesis, the EMF concept follows a similar application to the one performed by [120] for the problems of contaminant plume in atmosphere; however, it is for the first time introduced as a potential dilution measure for concentration field reduction in surface waters, more precisely in estuaries. As the focus of this thesis is a river-dominated estuary with a steady, uniform mean flow velocity U in the stream-wise direction x and with the across plume direction y (as described in Fig.…”

Section: Emf For the Case Of Contaminant Plume With Continuous Line Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

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Concentration Statistics for Conservative Solute Transport in River Estuaries

Galešić¹

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When addressing water quality issues in coastal zone management, rivers are considered to be among the most significant pathways for waterborne solute transport. On the other hand, estuaries are some of the most productive environments on Earth and multiple interests from different stakeholders put additional pressure on such an ecosystem. Estuaries are thus among the most critical areas for pollution hazard and a lot of research is being conducted in order to ensure their sustainable development. The flow in an estuary is characterized by a mixing process, which results from a combination of small-scale turbulent diffusion and larger-scale variation of mean advective velocities. Scalar concentration in such turbulent flows is a random variable, which requires a statistical approach. This thesis focuses on the development of two analytical methodologies for obtaining concentration statistics of a conservative contaminant generated by a steady river flow in a salt-wedge estuary. Analytically obtained concentration statistics, which include concentration moments, probability density function defined in point, spatially integrated moments, and expected mass fraction, significantly reduce the costs and time needed for obtaining the measured data. Although these analytical models lack the level of detail possessed by sophisticated numerical models, they can generate results within seconds and with little preprocessing. Therefore, the developed analytical models represent screening tools for obtaining concentration statistics of pollution in estuaries, and can be used by stakeholders of different backgrounds. While investigating various validation procedures for the developed analytical models, and using the case study of the Žrnovnica River estuary, near Split, Croatia, several new findings were obtained. For instance, a new model for mean velocity attenuation was proposed and verified. Furthermore, a new proxy concentration was tested and, combined with numerical modeling, it delivered qualitative verification of analytically obtained concentration statistics. The analytical model for point concentration statistics was implemented in a user-friendly computer application (CPoRT) and presented to different stakeholders as a screening tool. Finally, the most important scientific contributions of this thesis are the development of the semi-analytical approach for obtaining concentration statistics in a river-dominated estuary, application of proxy concentration using the salinity data and the introduction of the expected mass fraction as a significant novelty to address the pollution loading to coastal waters.

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Section: Spatially Integrated Concentration Moments and Their Application For Obtaining The Emfsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Methodology For Concentration Moments Developmentmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Emf For the Case Of Contaminant Plume With Continuous Line Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

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Concentration Statistics for Conservative Solute Transport in River Estuaries

Galešić¹

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“…However, it can also be applied to estimate concentration statistics in steady flows, such as those produced by contaminant jets, wakes, and plumes. The application in steady flows was demonstrated in the atmosphere [20,21] and in the groundwater environment [22]. Following that analogy, the focus of this work is on the 2D near field area of an estuary with the steady river plume and conservative pollutant discharging into the sea.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Screening tool for Obtaining Concentration Statistics of Pollution Generated by Rivers in Estuaries

Galešić

Andričević

Divić

et al. 2018

Water

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Rivers represent an essential pathway for waterborne transport, and therefore estuaries are critical coastal areas for a pollution hazard that might lead to eutrophication and general water quality deterioration. When addressing these problems, the decision makers and coastal managers often need additional skills and specialists, so they engage consultants in developing models and providing potential solutions. Different stakeholders’ interests present a challenge in the implementation process of proposed solutions. Nevertheless, if the relevant institutions were presented with a screening tool, enabling them with a certain level of solution ownership, potentially more involvement would occur. There are numerous intertwined physical processes present in the estuary ecosystem, including river discharge, tidal forces, wind-induced stress and water density variations. This research utilizes an analytical model based on ensemble averaging and near-field approximation of the advective-diffusion equation for the case of continuous, steady, conservative solute transport in a stratified, river-dominated estuary. Such an approach significantly reduces the costs and time needed to obtain enough measured data required for common statistical analysis or the need for a more complex numerical model. The developed methodology is implemented into a simple software named CPoRT (Coastal Pollution Risk Tool) within a recently conducted research project funded by European Social Fund.

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