Experimental measurements of river‐bank erosion caused by boat‐generated waves on the gordon river, Tasmania

Nanson, Gerald C.; Krusenstierna, Axel Von; Bryant, Edward; Renilson, Martin

doi:10.1002/rrr.3450090102

Cited by 78 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Ship wakes can essentially contribute to the shoreline erosion [3,14,43], cause an extensive erosion and resuspension of bottom sediments [33], trigger ecological disturbance and cause harm to the aquatic wildlife [1,38], to mention a few studies. Also, damage to structures and archaeological sites, and safety problems for navigation and for users of the beach and nearshore may arise (see Parnell and Kofoed-Hansen [45] and references therein).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Ferry Traffic as a Qualitatively New Forcing Factor of Environmental Processes in Non-Tidal Sea Areas: A Case Study in Tallinn Bay, Baltic Sea

Soomere

2005

Environ Fluid Mech

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The impact of wake wash from high-speed ferries on the coastal environment in non-tidal seas is analysed in terms of wave energy and power, and properties of the largest waves. Shown is that hydrodynamic loads caused by heavy high-speed traffic may play a decisive role not only in low-energy coasts but also in certain areas with high wind wave activity. For example, ship-generated waves form, at least, about 5-8% from the total wave energy and about 18-35% from the wave power in the coastal areas of Tallinn Bay exposed to dominating winds. The periods of wake waves from high-speed ships frequently are much larger than dominating periods of wind waves. The leading waves typically have a height of about 1 m and a period of 10-15 s. Such waves extremely seldom occur in natural conditions in many regions of semi-enclosed seas. They cause unusually high hydrodynamic loads in the deeper part of the nearshore. The fast ferry traffic thus is a qualitatively new forcing component of vital impact on the local ecosystem. It is demonstrated that wakes from high-speed ferries may trigger considerable changes of the existing balance of coastal processes. Owing to their low decay rates combined with their exceptional compactness after crossing many kilometres of the sea surface, such wakes may cause considerable remote impact of the ship traffic. This feature has to be addressed in the analysis of the impact of harbours and associated ship traffic in the neighbourhood of vulnerable areas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Ferry Traffic as a Qualitatively New Forcing Factor of Environmental Processes in Non-Tidal Sea Areas: A Case Study in Tallinn Bay, Baltic Sea

Soomere

2005

Environ Fluid Mech

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“…Waves as small as 10 cm can alter slopes in sandy/silty unvegetated areas [10]. Major erosive events are believed to occur with wave heights between 30 and 35 cm [47]. Numerous waves within these ranges were documented, which could be exacerbating erosion and vegetative retreat along the Intracoastal Waterway in Ponte Vedra Beach, FL, USA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigating Erosional Effects Induced by Boat Wakes with Living Shorelines

et al. 2018

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Estuarine environments worldwide are among the most threatened habitats due to increased disturbances resulting from coastal infrastructure and rising population densities. Boating activity is a primary disturbance, as it induces biological stress and morphological changes along the coastline. This high-energy environment that boat wakes create has resulted in loss of surrounding oyster reefs and salt marsh vegetation, ultimately leading to shoreline and habitat erosion. Here, we characterize the boat wake climate in the Intracoastal Waterway, assess the bathymetry in this heavily trafficked area, and anticipate the effects of experimental living shorelines (natural breakwall and oyster restoration structures) on facilitating sediment deposition and slowing vegetation retreat. Field observations indicate that boat wakes suspend nearshore sediment and can reach heights greater than 40 cm. A numerical stability model of the breakwalls suggests that the optimal porosity is field-specific. The desired porosity for minimizing lateral displacement is 0.50, while it is 0.18 for maximum energy dissipation, which indicates a need to further investigate this complex problem. These findings demonstrate that boat wakes significantly and regularly disturb estuarine shorelines and may be altering their bathymetry as well as suggest that the design of the breakwalls may be optimized to best counteract this pervasive disturbance.

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“…Many mechanisms of the river bank erosion have been identified in the literatures (for example, [21][22][23][24]). Three of such mechanisms could be attributed for the causes of erosion along the River Liza's bank as observed from the field study.…”

Section: Channel Planform Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term change of the River Liza, Wild Ennerdale, England

Oyedotun¹

2011

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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The long-term change of the River Liza in the Ennerdale valley, Cumbria, was mapped and analysed using Geographical Information System (GIS) techniques. In this paper, the focus was on the use of GIS to investigate, map and analyse the changes in the River Liza's meandering channel system. Cartographical modelling, planform morphological analysis and cross-sectional analysis were methods of analysis employed in the study. The datasets used were largely digitized River Liza's channel from the historical maps, aerial photo maps and Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) Field Survey data. It was discovered in the study that River Liza maintained a stable pattern of movement until it became diverted at Latitude 54 o 30' 47.07" and Longitude 3 o 18' 15.05" between 1993 and 2009. However, the channel's widths and depths have been far from stable; they have been increasing as a result of constant erosion of the bank and deposition within the channel, especially since the 1970s when there have been increases in rainfall in the UK. Apart from the presence of man-made features like bridges and bulwarks, the River Liza is discovered to be one of the important features in Ennerdale Valley where natural processes have been allowed to take their course in shaping the landscape and the ecology of the valley

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Experimental measurements of river‐bank erosion caused by boat‐generated waves on the gordon river, Tasmania

Cited by 78 publications

References 6 publications

Fast Ferry Traffic as a Qualitatively New Forcing Factor of Environmental Processes in Non-Tidal Sea Areas: A Case Study in Tallinn Bay, Baltic Sea

Fast Ferry Traffic as a Qualitatively New Forcing Factor of Environmental Processes in Non-Tidal Sea Areas: A Case Study in Tallinn Bay, Baltic Sea

Mitigating Erosional Effects Induced by Boat Wakes with Living Shorelines

Long-term change of the River Liza, Wild Ennerdale, England

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