Experimental Methane Production from Animal Excreta in Pilot-scale and Farm-size Units

Smith, Richard; Hein, M.; Greiner, Thomas

doi:10.2527/jas1979.481202x

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Although considerable work has been done on methanogenesis from beef cattle waste (6,11,15,16), sufficient data are not available to adequately evaluate the overall potential of this process. Specifically, not enough information is available as to the optimal temperature, solids loading rate, and solids RT at which the fermentation is conducted.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Temperature and Retention Time on Methane Production from Beef Cattle Waste

Varel

Hashimoto

Chen

1980

Appl Environ Microbiol

123

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The effect of temperature and retention time on the rate of methane production from waste of beef cattle fed a finishing diet was investigated by using continuously mixed 3-liter working volume anaerobic fermentors. The temperatures ranged from 30 to 65�C with 5�C increments between fermentors. The fermentors were fed once per day with 6% volatile solids (organic matter). Retention time for each temperature was varied from 18 to 2.5 days. After 3-volume turnovers, samples were obtained on 4 consecutive days. The highest methane production rate (liters/liter of fermentor per day) and methane yield at that rate (liters/gram of volatile solids) were 1.27 and 0.19 at 9 days and 30�C, 1.60 and 0.16 at 6 days and 35�C, 2.28 and 0.23 at 6 days and 40�C, 2.42 and 0.24 at 6 days and 45�C, 2.83 and 0.14 at 3 days and 50�C, 2.75 and 0.14 at 3 days and 55�C, 3.18 and 0.14 at 2.5 days and 60�C, and 1.69 and 0.17 at 6 days and 65�C. Volatile solids degradation at these retention times and temperatures was between 46 and 54%. The concentrations of volatile acids in the 30 to 55�C fermentors were generally below 2,000 mg/liter, with the exception of the 3-day retention time. The 60 and 65�C fermentors were usually above this level for all retention times. These studies indicate potential rates of methane production from the fermentation of untreated waste of beef cattle fed high-grain finishing diets. This information should serve as preliminary guidelines for various kinetic analyses and aid in economic evaluations of the potential feasibility of fermenting beef cattle waste to methane.

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Temperature and Retention Time on Methane Production from Beef Cattle Waste

Varel

Hashimoto

Chen

1980

Appl Environ Microbiol

123

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“…On the contrary, (Ho and Tan, 1985) reported greater gas production for a continuously mixed digester than for an unmixed digester fed with palm oil mill effluents and (Hashimoto, 1983) found higher biogas production from beef cattle wastes under continuously mixed conditions than under intermittent mixing conditions. At the same time, (Dague et al, 1970;Mills, 1979;Smith et al, 1979) recommended intermittent mixing of anaerobic digesters over continuous mixing. It was with this view that the present study was designed to find out if modifying the household conventional anaerobic digester would improve biogas yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Rumen Content by Indigenous Microorganisms in a Modified Anaerobic Digester

Adam¹,

Yahaya²,

Musa³

et al. 2020

Energy Research Journal

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The current work was designed to assess the effect of modification of model digester on the kinetics that affects efficiency in biogas generation using bovine rumen content as the feedstock. A biogas plant consisting of conventional and modified fixed-dome digesters (each with 2 m 3 capacity) was established; and bovine rumen content was used as feedstock. Standard methods were used to determine the kinetic (physicochemical and microbiological) parameters. Identification of fungal and bacterial species involved in the process was carried out by genomic study of the 18S rRNA and 16S rRNA regions, respectively; amplified using universal forward and backward primers for fungi (NS1/NS4), bacteria ((515F/926R) and archaea (Met86F/Met140R); submitted to GenBank and analysed using Blast Programme at National Centre for Biotechnology Information website. A mass balance approach was used to estimate the theoretical gas yield from the total solid/volatile sold lost. It was found that the temperature in both modified and conventional digesters was uniform throughout the hydraulic retention time, between 32 to 34.5C, indicating a mesophilic range. The pH level was found to be lower in the modified digester compared to the conventional digester, indicating higher accumulation of organic acids. The mean total solid was found to drop from 12.49±0.53 to 3.82±0.21 in the modified digester after digestion, while this was from 13.30±0.4 to 6.69±0.16 in the conventional digester. The mean volatile solid drops from 66.67±1.62 to 36.13±0.27 in the modified digester after digestion, while it was from 69.94±1.54 to 54.23±1.33 in the conventional digester. The theoretical biogas yield was higher in the modified digester (87 mg/l) compared to the conventional one (65 mg/l). The microbial counts were observed to be affected by the kinetic parameters in both the digesters. The organisms identified were: Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacteroides nordii, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium acetobutylicum, Proteus vulgaris, Methanosarcina sicilia, Methanosarcina mazei, Methanobrevibacter ruminantium, Fusarium solani, Fusarium graminearum, Aspergillus niger and Penicillium specie. Conclusively, the modified digester, under a manual stirring at 10 round/min, 3 times a day at an interval of six hours, has appreciably generated higher theoretical biogas yield after 8 weeks hydraulic retention time. The agitation of the slurry using the improvised stirrer in the modified digester has significantly facilitated the utilization of the bovine rumen content by the indigenous microorganisms. Modification of digester to enhance mixing of the feedstock should therefore be encouraged in household anaerobic digesters.

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“…The importance of biogas has been appreciated more strongly during the current decades by the developing countries all over the world due to energy and fuel crises (Rehman et al .• 1986). Cattle dung (CD) so far has been the major resource for the biogas production (Smith et at.• 1979;Varel et al .• 1980 andRobbins et at.• 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomethanation of Agro-Waste in Combination with Cattle Dung

Patel

Madamwar

1994

Energy & Environment

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The potential of different agro-wastes like green grass (Cynodon dactylon (L.», bagasse, algae (Enteromorpha spp.), banana stem and water hyacinth (Eichhomia crassipes) in combination with cattle dung for methane production by anaerobic digestion have been evaluated. The results indicate that these wastes can be exploited for methane generation in combination with cattle dung. Best results were obtained with green grass when it was combined with cattle dung in the ratio of 1:4.

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Experimental Methane Production from Animal Excreta in Pilot-scale and Farm-size Units

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of Temperature and Retention Time on Methane Production from Beef Cattle Waste

Effect of Temperature and Retention Time on Methane Production from Beef Cattle Waste

Utilization of Rumen Content by Indigenous Microorganisms in a Modified Anaerobic Digester

Biomethanation of Agro-Waste in Combination with Cattle Dung

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