Experimental methods for evaluating heating uniformity in radio frequency systems

Computer simulation of radio frequency selective heating of insects in soybeans

“…These findings are corroborated by edges and lower sections overheating of model fruit, and cylindrical meat batters placed on the bottom electrode [25,27]. Similar heating patterns were reported in walnuts [43], polyurethane foam sheets [44], wheat flour [30] and dry fruit [29] subjected to RF treatment.…”

Validation of top electrode voltage in free-running oscillator radio frequency systems with different moisture content soybeans

“…moisture content placed in the polypropylene container after 5.9 min RF heating at the electrode gap of 120 mm. Both heating patterns showed that the high temperature values were located at the corners and edges of all layers while low ones were in the centre, which showed nonuniform RF heating (Alfaifi et al, 2014;Birla et al, 2008;Tiwari et al, 2011;Wang, Luechapattanaporn, & Tang, 2008). This behaviour could be attributed to the uneven distribution of the electromagnetic field and the field bending at the corners and b i o s y s t e m s e n g i n e e r i n g 1 3 1 ( 2 0 1 5 ) 4 1 e4 8 edges of the sample (Alfaifi et al, 2014).…”

Computational modelling of the impact of polystyrene containers on radio frequency heating uniformity improvement for dried soybeans

“…These include hot water immersion (Feng et al, 2004;Ikediala, Hansen, Tang, Drake, & Wang, 2002;Kirmaci & Singh, 2012;Tiwari, Wang, Birla, & Tang, 2008), hot air assisted surface heating Zhou, Ling, Zheng, Zhang, & Wang, 2015), combining with moving or rotating method (Birla et al, 2004Jiao et al, 2012;Wang, Birla, Tang, & Hansen, 2006), intermittent mixing (Wang et al, 2005;Zhou et al, 2015), electrode modification (Tiwari et al, 2011b;Wang, Luechapattanaporn, & Tang, 2008), and plastic sheets surrounding methods (Huang, Zhu, Yan, & Wang, 2015;Jiao, Shi, Tang, Li, & Wang, 2015b;Tiwari et al, 2011b).…”