Experimental Methods for Generating Two-Dimensional Quantum Turbulence in Bose–einstein Condensates

Wilson, Kali; Samson, E. Carlo; Newman, Zachary L.; Neely, Tyler W.; Anderson, Brian P.

doi:10.1142/9789814440400_0007

Cited by 26 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…For these parameters, the healing length at z = 0 is equal to l h = / 2mg 2D N/L 2 = 0.235µm where we have set the extent of the condensate to correspond to L 2 ∼ (72µm) 2 . These parameters are consistent with [7,35] and imply that our system can contain many well-separated vortices. We note that the assumed trapping frequency along the z-coordinate direction does not completely freeze out the dynamics in the transverse direction.…”

Section: Gross-pitaevskii Modelsupporting

confidence: 80%

Long-range ordering of topological excitations in a two-dimensional superfluid far from equilibrium

Salman

Maestrini

2016

Phys. Rev. A

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We study the relaxation of a two-dimensional (2D) ultracold Bose gas from a nonequilibrium initial state containing vortex excitations in experimentally realizable square and rectangular traps. We show that the subsystem of vortex gas excitations results in the spontaneous emergence of a coherent superfluid flow with a nonzero coarse-grained vorticity field. The stream function of this emergent quasiclassical 2D flow is governed by a Poisson-Boltzmann equation. This equation reveals that maximum entropy states of a neutral vortex gas that describe the spectral condensation of energy can be classified into types of flow depending on whether or not the flow spontaneously acquires angular momentum. Numerical simulations of a neutral point vortex model and a Bose gas governed by the 2D Gross-Pitaevskii equation in a square reveal that a large-scale monopole flow field with net angular momentum emerges that is consistent with predictions of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation. The results allow us to characterize the spectral energy condensate in a 2D quantum fluid that bears striking similarity to similar flows observed in experiments of 2D classical turbulence. By deforming the square into a rectangular region, the resulting maximum entropy state switches to a dipolar flow field with zero net angular momentum.By deforming the square into a rectangular region, the resulting maximum entropy state switches to a dipolar flow field with zero net angular momentum

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Section: Gross-pitaevskii Modelsupporting

confidence: 80%

Long-range ordering of topological excitations in a two-dimensional superfluid far from equilibrium

Salman

Maestrini

2016

Phys. Rev. A

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“…One of the most intriguing ones, in line with the experimental thesis results of Ref. [29], is to exam-ine the interaction of a quasi-1D pattern (like the stripe) and a genuinely 2D pattern, like the vortex. This has been associated with a nonlinear variant of the famous Aharonov-Bohm effect in Refs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Dynamics of interacting dark soliton stripes

et al. 2019

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In the present work we examine the statics and dynamics of multiple parallel dark soliton stripes in a two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate. Our principal goal is to study the effect of the interaction between the stripes on the transverse instability of the individual stripes. We use a recently developed adiabatic invariant formulation to derive a quasi-analytical prediction for the stripe equilibrium position and for the Bogoliubov-de Gennes spectrum of excitations of stationary stripes. The cases of two-, three-and four-stripe states are studied in detail. We subsequently test our predictions against numerical simulations of the full two-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation. We find that the number of unstable eigenmodes increases as the number of stripes increases due to (unstable) relative motions between the stripes. Their corresponding growth rates do not significantly change, although for large chemical potentials, the larger the stripe number, the larger the maximal instability growth rate. The instability induced dynamics of multiple stripe states and their decay into vortices are also investigated.

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“…Instead, the increasing number of vortices forms a random tangle corresponding to quantum turbulence [10][11][12][13]. This vortex turbulence of trapped atoms has been observed in three-dimensional traps [14][15][16] as well as in quasi-two-dimensional traps [17], and is summarized in the review articles [18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strongly Nonequilibrium Bose-Condensed Atomic Systems

2015

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A trapped Bose-Einstein condensate, being strongly perturbed, exhibits several spatial structures. First, there appear quantum vortices. Increasing the amount of the injected energy leads to the formation of vortex tangles representing quantum vortex turbulence. Continuing energy injection makes the system so strongly perturbed that vortices become destroyed and there develops another kind of spatial structures with essentially heterogeneous spatial density. These structures consist of high-density droplets, or grains, surrounded by the regions of low density. The droplets are randomly distributed in space, where they can move; however they live sufficiently long time to be treated as a type of metastable creatures. Such structures have been observed in nonequilibrium trapped Bose gases of 87 Rb subject to the action of an oscillatory perturbation modulating the trapping potential. Perturbing the system even stronger transforms the droplet structure into wave turbulence, where Bose condensate is destroyed. Numerical simulations are in good agreement with experimental observations.

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Experimental Methods for Generating Two-Dimensional Quantum Turbulence in Bose–einstein Condensates

Cited by 26 publications

References 37 publications

Long-range ordering of topological excitations in a two-dimensional superfluid far from equilibrium

Long-range ordering of topological excitations in a two-dimensional superfluid far from equilibrium

Dynamics of interacting dark soliton stripes

Strongly Nonequilibrium Bose-Condensed Atomic Systems

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