Experimental Muscle Pain Challenges the Postural Stability During Quiet Stance and Unexpected Posture Perturbation

Acute experimental hip muscle pain alters single-leg squat balance in healthy young adults

“…Further, static single-leg standing places lower mechanical demand on gluteus medius, relative to dynamic tasks such as a single-leg squat [27], and therefore, changes in balance due to experimental hip muscle pain, may be more evident in dynamic tasks. Hirata et al showed significant alterations in CoP movement during quiet standing when pain was induced in the knee extensors [12], calf muscles [10], or infrapatellar fat pad [11]. No effects were observed following injection into biceps femoris [12].…”

“…Hirata et al showed significant alterations in CoP movement during quiet standing when pain was induced in the knee extensors [12], calf muscles [10], or infrapatellar fat pad [11]. No effects were observed following injection into biceps femoris [12]. During unperturbed standing, individuals maintain balance by making postural adjustments about the ankle joints.…”

“…Pain induced by hypertonic saline injections into gluteus medius muscle and tendon, is associated with similar patterns of referred pain, regional deep tissue hyperalgesia, and pain provocation test responses, as observed in clinical populations with hip pathology [13]. Unilateral injections of hypertonic saline into the quadriceps, hamstrings, dorsiflexors and plantarflexors are associated with increased anterior-posterior (AP) and medio-lateral (ML) displacement of the centre of pressure (CoP) during bilateral standing and following platform perturbations [10,12]: interpreted to indicate a decline in balance performance. In comparison, the effects of experimentally induced knee pain, from injection into the infrapatellar fat pad, are less conclusive.…”

“…Experimental pain has been used to simulate the nociceptive component of pain conditions and explore the effects of acute lower limb pain on balance performance in healthy adults, in isolation from pathological changes [9][10][11][12]. Pain induced by hypertonic saline injections into gluteus medius muscle and tendon, is associated with similar patterns of referred pain, regional deep tissue hyperalgesia, and pain provocation test responses, as observed in clinical populations with hip pathology [13].…”

Influences of visual feedback indicator scales on human upright postural control

“…Since most other body actions are based on postural balance, effectively controlling postural sway into a balance range plays an essential role in human's normal life, and then this essential role makes postural control become an attractive object of various investigations in wide research areas of exercise physiology, experimental psychology, cognitive science and clinical medicine. Aiming at revealing the underlying mechanism of human postural control, many researchers focus their work on how human restrains postural sway and how central nervous systems (Vecchio et al, 2008;Goble et al, 2011), skeletal and muscle systems (Gimmon et al, 2011;Hirata et al, 2011;Kouzaki and Masani, 2012;Wright et al, 2012) and sensory systems (Allum et al,2011;Ho¨hne et al, 2011;Krishnan and Aruin, 2011;Mohapatra et al, 2012aMohapatra et al, , 2012b are organized in balance keeping. In this paper, we focus our study on the visual contribution to human upright postural control.…”