Experimental observations of engine piston damage induced by knocking combustion

Ceschini, Lorella; Morri, Alessandro; Balducci, Eleonora; Cavina, Nicolò; Rojo, Nahuel; Calogero, Lucio; Poggio, Luca

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2016.11.015

Cited by 44 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…According to the service temperatures at different parts of the piston [ 24 ], four exposure temperatures (i.e., 250/300/350/400 °C) have been set to mimic and study the mechanical property evolution of different parts for the piston during practical conditions. The Vickers hardness (HV) can act as the indicator of mechanical property of these Al-Si alloys during the thermal exposure process [ 27 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Evolutions of Ni-Rich Phases in Al-Si Piston Alloys during 250–400 °C Thermal Exposure Processes

Geng

Bian

et al. 2020

Materials

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The thermal stability of the Al-Si alloys during the thermal exposure process from 250 °C to 400 °C was systematically investigated. The relationships between the morphological evolution and the mechanical changes of the alloys were determined through the Vickers hardness test and materials characterization method. Initially, the alloys exhibited similar thermal degradation behavior. For example, the exposure process of the alloy at 300 °C can be divided into two stages according to the changes of the alloy hardness and the matrix micro-hardness. In detail, the first stage (0–2 h) exhibited a severe reduction of the alloy hardness while the second stage showed a more leveled hardness during the following 98 h. There are three identified morphological characteristics of Ni-rich phases in the alloy. Furthermore, the differences in both composition and the micro-hardness between these Ni-rich phases were confirmed. The underlying relationships between the morphological transformation of the Ni-rich phases and hardness fluctuation in the alloy were correlated and elucidated. The observed alloy hardness increase when the exposure temperature was 400 °C was unexpected. This behavior was explained from the perspectives of both Ni-rich phases evolution and dispersoid formation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Evolutions of Ni-Rich Phases in Al-Si Piston Alloys during 250–400 °C Thermal Exposure Processes

Geng

Bian

et al. 2020

Materials

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“…The engine load is expressed as the Stoichiometric Trapped Air Mass (STAM). The piston temperature [15,16] and the damage models [17,18] are discussed in detail in the previous works of the authors, and in the Part 1 of the present work. Instead, the Part 2 focuses on the development and the validation of the self-learning strategies.…”

Section: Adaptive Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Development and Experimental Validation of an Adaptive, Piston-Damage-Based Combustion Control System for SI Engines: Part 2—Implementation of Adaptive Strategies

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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This work focuses on the implementation of innovative adaptive strategies and a closed-loop chain in a piston-damage-based combustion controller. In the previous paper (Part 1), implemented models and the open loop algorithm are described and validated by reproducing some vehicle maneuvers at the engine test cell. Such controller is further improved by implementing self-learning algorithms based on the analytical formulations of knock and the combustion model, to update the fuel Research Octane Number (RON) and the relationship between the combustion phase and the spark timing in real-time. These strategies are based on the availability of an on-board indicating system for the estimation of both the knock intensity and the combustion phase index. The equations used to develop the adaptive strategies are described in detail. A closed-loop chain is then added, and the complete controller is finally implemented in a Rapid Control Prototyping (RCP) device. The controller is validated with specific tests defined to verify the robustness and the accuracy of the adaptive strategies. Results of the online validation process are presented in the last part of the paper and the accuracy of the complete controller is finally demonstrated. Indeed, error between the cyclic and the target combustion phase index is within the range ±0.5 Crank Angle degrees (°CA), while the error between the measured and the calculated maximum in-cylinder pressure is included in the range ±5 bar, even when fuel RON or spark advance map is changing.

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“…The piston damage [23] has to be evaluated by counting the effect of piston temperature, that changes the piston alloy resistance which is then damaged by knock-induced mechanical stress [27][28][29][30]. Figure 3 shows the decay of aluminum alloy hardness as a function of exposure time at different mean temperatures.…”

Section: Damage Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Experimental Validation of an Adaptive, Piston-Damage-Based Combustion Control System for SI Engines: Part 1—Evaluating Open-Loop Chain Performance

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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This work is focused on the development and validation of a spark advance controller, based on a piston “damage” model and a predictive knock model. The algorithm represents an integrated and innovative way to manage both the knock intensity and combustion phase. It is characterized by a model-based open-loop algorithm with the capability of calculating with high accuracy the spark timing that achieves the desired piston damage in a certain period, for knock-limited engine operating conditions. Otherwise, it targets the maximum efficiency combustion phase. Such controller is primarily thought to be utilized under conditions in which feedback is not needed. In this paper, the main models and the structure of the open-loop controller are described and validated. The controller is implemented in a rapid control prototyping device and validated reproducing real driving maneuvers at the engine test bench. Results of the online validation process are presented at the end of the paper.

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Experimental observations of engine piston damage induced by knocking combustion

Cited by 44 publications

References 9 publications

Morphological Evolutions of Ni-Rich Phases in Al-Si Piston Alloys during 250–400 °C Thermal Exposure Processes

Morphological Evolutions of Ni-Rich Phases in Al-Si Piston Alloys during 250–400 °C Thermal Exposure Processes

Development and Experimental Validation of an Adaptive, Piston-Damage-Based Combustion Control System for SI Engines: Part 2—Implementation of Adaptive Strategies

Development and Experimental Validation of an Adaptive, Piston-Damage-Based Combustion Control System for SI Engines: Part 1—Evaluating Open-Loop Chain Performance

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