Experimental realization of optomechanically induced non-reciprocity

Shen, Zhen; Zhang, Yanlei; Chen, Yuan; Zou, Chang‐Ling; Xiao, Yun‐Feng; Zou, Xu‐Bo; Sun, Fang-Wen; Guo, Guang‐Can; Dong, Chun‐Hua

doi:10.1038/nphoton.2016.161

Cited by 544 publications

(298 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

295

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The most commonly encountered nonreciprocal devices are isolators and circulators, which can be implemented using a variety of techniques encompassing magneto-optics [1, 2], parity-time symmetry breaking [3], spin-polarized atom-photon interactions [4,5], and optomechanical interactions [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. On the other hand, recent developments 1 arXiv:1707.04276v2 [physics.optics] 25 Jul 2017 reveal a much broader and compelling vision of using time-reversal symmetry breaking for imparting protection against defects, through analogues of the quantum Hall effect [13] in both topological [14][15][16] and non-topological systems [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Time-reversal symmetry breaking with acoustic pumping of nanophotonic circuits

Sohn¹,

Kim²,

Bahl³

2018

Nature Photon

222

166

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Achieving non-reciprocal light propagation via stimuli that break time-reversal symmetry, without magneto-optics, remains a major challenge for integrated nanophotonic devices. Recently, optomechanical microsystems in which light and vibrational modes are coupled through ponderomotive forces, have demonstrated strong non-reciprocal effects through a variety of techniques, but always using optical pumping. None of these approaches have demonstrated bandwidth exceeding that of the mechanical system, and all of them require optical power, which are both fundamental and practical issues. Here we resolve both of these challenges through breaking of time-reversal symmetry using an acoustic pump in an integrated nanophotonic circuit. GHz-bandwidth optomechanical non-reciprocity is demonstrated using the action of a 2-dimensional surface acoustic wave pump, that simultaneously provides non-zero overlap integral for light-sound interaction and also satisfies the necessary phase-matching. We use this technique to produce a simple frequency shifting isolator (i.e. a non-reciprocal modulator) by means of indirect interband scattering. We demonstrate mode conversion asymmetry up to 15 dB, efficiency as high as 17%, over bandwidth exceeding 1 GHz.Non-reciprocal devices, in which time reversal symmetry is broken for light propagation, provide critical functionalities for signal routing and source protection in photonic systems. The most commonly encountered nonreciprocal devices are isolators and circulators, which can be implemented using a variety of techniques encompassing magneto-optics [1, 2], parity-time symmetry breaking [3], spin-polarized atom-photon interactions [4,5], and optomechanical interactions [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. On the other hand, recent developments 1 arXiv:1707.04276v2 [physics.optics] 25 Jul 2017 reveal a much broader and compelling vision of using time-reversal symmetry breaking for imparting protection against defects, through analogues of the quantum Hall effect [13] in both topological [14][15][16] and non-topological systems [17].The use of optomechanical coupling [18] for breaking time-reversal symmetry via momentum biasing [12,19] and synthetic magnetism [10,11] is particularly attractive since strong dispersive features can be readily produced, without needing materials with gain or magneto-optical activity. Additionally, the potential for complete isolation with ultralow loss [7] is a significant advantage over state-of-the-art in chip scale magneto-optics. All these systems feature dynamic reconfigurability through the pump laser fields and can potentially be implemented in foundries with minimal process modification. Unfortunately, all realizations of optomechanical nonreciprocal interactions to date only operate over kHz-MHz bandwidth. This fundamental constraint arises simply because the interaction is determined by the mechanical linewidth, which is traditionally 6-9 orders of magnitude lower than the optical system (potentially several THz). In this work we present a new appro...

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, optically pumped optomechanical systems [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][17][18][19] have an interaction term of the form…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-reversal symmetry breaking with acoustic pumping of nanophotonic circuits

Sohn¹,

Kim²,

Bahl³

2018

Nature Photon

222

166

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For instance, combined electromagnetic and elastic waves are used for detecting non-metallic buried Present address:École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland objects [10], or optical isolation can be created by means of elastic wave in an optical waveguide [11]. This means elastic waves cause non-reciprocity which is crucial in integrated photonic circuits [12,13,14]. Enhancement of acousto-optic interaction in a phoxonic cavity [15,16] makes laser cooling feasible which can empty the cavity of any phonon [17,18,19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical wave evolution due to interaction with elastic wave in a phoxonic crystal slab waveguide

Aram

Khorasani

2017

Appl. Phys. B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phoxonic crystal as a means of guiding and confining electromagnetic and elastic waves has already attracted attentions. Lack of exact knowledge on how these two types of waves interact inside this crystal and how electromagnetic wave evolves through this interaction has increased this field complexity. Here we explain how an elastic wave affects an electromagnetic wave through photo-elasticity and interface displacement mechanisms in a phoxonic crystal slab waveguide. We obtain a master equation which can describe electromagnetic wave evolution. In this equation we define a coupling parameter and calculate its value for different modes of electromagnetic and elastic waves and show it vanishes for some types of modes . Finally we solve the master equation for a typical phoxonic crystal slab waveguide and illustrate the electromagnetic wave evolution.

show abstract

“…Beyond this picture, high-order OMIT effects also emerge due to the intrinsic nonlinear OM interactions [13][14][15], such as photon-phonon polariton pairs [16] and sideband generations [17]. OMIT not only provides an alternative approach for achieving quantum memories [18][19][20][21], but also opens up the way to explore a variety of new effects, such as nonreciprocal OMIT [22], phase-tuned OMIT [23], active OMIT [24], two-color OMIT [25] and OMIT with Bogoliubov phonons [26]. In contrast, high-order OMIT sidebands are generally much weaker than the probe signal and thus hard to be detected or utilized.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results are helpful to better understand the propagation of light in nonlinear OM devices, indicating that a wide range of OM effects could be further steered with various optical nonlinearities. Other future developments along this line may include OMIT with nonlinear parity-time resonators [24], nonreciprocal devices with Kerr resonators [22,35], or topological effects with an array of Kerr resonators.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optomechanical second-order sidebands and group delays in a Kerr resonator

Jiao¹,

Lu²,

Jing³

2018

Phys. Rev. A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We theoretically study high-order optomechanically-induced transparency (OMIT) process in a nonlinear Kerr resonator. A frequency shift induced by the Kerr effect, is identified for the optical cavity mode, which results in asymmetric OMIT windows of the signal and its higher-order sidebands. We also find that both the sideband amplitude and its associated group delay sensitively depend on the strength of the Kerr nonlinearity. This indicates the possibility to enhance or steer the performance of OMIT devices with various nonlinear optical cavities. [5][6][7][8]. A recent advance closely related to the present study is optomechanically induced transparency (OMIT) [9][10][11]. As a solid-state analogy to electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) originally observed in atomic gases [12], the fundamental OMIT features the two-channel destructive interference of the absorptions of the probe photons (by the cavity itself or the mechanical mode). Beyond this picture, high-order OMIT effects also emerge due to the intrinsic nonlinear OM interactions [13][14][15] [26]. In contrast, high-order OMIT sidebands are generally much weaker than the probe signal and thus hard to be detected or utilized. Hence the sideband enhancement becomes important for its potential applications in e.g., precise sensing of charges [27,28] [42][43][44], and nonlinear OM control [45]. In a recent experiment with a high-Q silica microsphere, asymmetric Fano-like OMIT spectrum was observed due to the optical * Electronic address: jinghui73@gmail.com Kerr effect [46], which can be further tuned or compensated by varying the pump power and the optical frequency.In this paper, based on the OMIT experiment in a Kerr cavity [46], we proceed to study high-order OMIT and its associated group delay in such a nonlinear cavity. We find that in the presence of optical Kerr effect, compared to that in a linear resonator, the amplitude of second-order sideband can be significantly enhanced. This sideband amplitude also can be further tuned by the external light, since the Kerr-induced shift can be either compensated or amplified by varying the pump frequency. Moreover, the delay time of second-order sideband sensitively depends on the Kerr nonlinearity. At high pump power, the sideband can be tuned from fast light to slow light, which is potentially useful for optical storage or switch. The enhanced nonlinear OMIT in a Kerr resonator, as revealed here, opens up a promising new way to study other important OM effects, e.g., motion cooling [47] or squeezing [48], lightsound entanglement [49], and photon blockade [50][51][52].As shown in Fig. 1(a), we consider the nonlinear OMIT in a Kerr resonator. A pump laser of frequency ω l and a probe laser of frequency ω p are applied to the system via the evanescent coupling of the optical fiber and the resonator, the field amplitudes are given bywhere P L and P s are the pump and probe powers, respectively. In the rotating frame at the pump frequency ω l , the Hamiltonian of this OM system is given by (for = 1): ...

show abstract

Experimental realization of optomechanically induced non-reciprocity

Cited by 544 publications

References 34 publications

Time-reversal symmetry breaking with acoustic pumping of nanophotonic circuits

Time-reversal symmetry breaking with acoustic pumping of nanophotonic circuits

Optical wave evolution due to interaction with elastic wave in a phoxonic crystal slab waveguide

Optomechanical second-order sidebands and group delays in a Kerr resonator

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About