Experimental realization of quantum zeno dynamics

Schäfer, F.; Herrera, I.; Cherukattil, S.; Lovecchio, Cosimo; Cataliotti, F. S.; Caruso, Filippo; Smerzi, Augusto

doi:10.1038/ncomms4194

Cited by 172 publications

(173 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…(12). Because of the constraint in the distribution shape variation, the two results differ by the square of the derivative of the second moment with respect to the parameter, due to the derivative chain rule…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a matter of fact, an unstable quantum system, if observed continuously, will never decay, and its evolution remains frozen. As main application, the Zeno effect has been theoretically exploited to preserve coherent dynamics in a specific subspace of the Hilbert space, by the creation of decoherence-free regions [10,11], and it has been experimentally confirmed first with a rubidium Bose-Einstein condensate in a five-level Hilbert space [12] and later in a multi-level Rydberg state structure [13].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Fisher information from stochastic quantum measurements

Müller¹,

Gherardini²,

Smerzi³

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. A

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The unavoidable interaction between a quantum system and the external noisy environment can be mimicked by a sequence of stochastic measurements whose outcomes are neglected. Here we investigate how this stochasticity is reflected in the survival probability to find the system in a given Hilbert subspace at the end of the dynamical evolution. In particular, we analytically study the distinguishability of two different stochastic measurement sequences in terms of a new Fisher information measure depending on the variation of a function, instead of a finite set of parameters. We find a novel characterization of Zeno phenomena as the physical result of the random observation of the quantum system, linked to the sensitivity of the survival probability with respect to an arbitrary small perturbation of the measurement stochasticity. Finally, the implications on the Cramér-Rao bound are discussed, together with a numerical example. These results are expected to provide promising applications in quantum metrology towards future, more robust, noise-based quantum sensing devices.Introduction.-Interaction with an external environment lies at the heart of the dynamical characterization of an open quantum system. No quantum system, indeed, is completely isolated, and it is always characterized by a non-unitary evolution of its state [1,2]. Local coupling effects of the system with the outside can be described as projection events due to the action of one (or more) measurement operators [3], along the lines of formalism of the quantum jump trajectories [4] for open quantum systems. Moreover, as one may expect, these trajectories resulting by the dissipative action of the environment are intrinsically stochastic processes, since any interaction shall occur at irregular time intervals, in general without any a-priori predictability. In this context, it becomes important to investigate the distinguishability of quantum states [5,6] of a randomly perturbed quantum system when also the characterization of the stochasticity rate affecting the system is taken into account.

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Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fisher information from stochastic quantum measurements

Müller¹,

Gherardini²,

Smerzi³

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. A

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“…S11). Here |e can be made unstable via coupling to the 5 2 P 3/2 manifold by a resonant laser with Rabi frequency Ω r which can be tuned to control the effective loss rate [24].…”

Section: Details Of the Experimental Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our idea is based on two key ingredients: (i) to use dissipation to tailor the accessible Hilbert space S and hence to change the effective Hamiltonian (see Fig. 1 (a)) [23][24][25]; (ii) the noncommutativity of position operators in a constrained Bloch band with a nontrivial Berry curvature [26]. (i) exploits the quantum Zeno (QZ) effect [27][28][29], which is well studied in the context of quantum measurement [30,31] and occurs also for strong dissipation [32][33][34] as a continuous limit of repeated measurements [23].…”

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confidence: 99%

Zeno Hall Effect

2017

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We show that the quantum Zeno effect gives rise to the Hall effect by tailoring the Hilbert space of a two-dimensional lattice system into a single Bloch band with a nontrivial Berry curvature. Consequently, a wave packet undergoes transverse motion in response to a potential gradient -a phenomenon we call the Zeno Hall effect to highlight its quantum Zeno origin. The Zeno Hall effect leads to retroreflection at the edge of the system due to an interplay between the band flatness and the nontrivial Berry curvature. We propose an experimental implementation of this effect with ultracold atoms in an optical lattice.Introduction.-The state-of-the-art experimental techniques in atomic, molecular and optical physics have made it possible not only to engineer the Hamiltonian of a quantum system, but also to control its interaction with the environment [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Here controlled dissipation can serve as a resource for quantum coherence and entanglement [7,8], with versatile applications to quantumstate preparation [9][10][11], quantum computation [12] and quantum simulation [13,14].The experimental progress in turn has stimulated theoretical studies in open quantum systems [15][16][17][18], such as the Hall effects in the presence of dissipation [19][20][21][22]. It has been shown that the quantization of the transverse conductivity in the integer quantum Hall regime is robust against dissipation [19,22], while a nontrivial influence of dissipation emerges for the fractional quantum Hall effect [20] and the anomalous Hall effect [21].In this Letter, we point out yet another Hall effect in open quantum systems -the Hall effect due to dissipation. This differs fundamentally from the previous works in that the Hall effect originates from the interaction with the environment instead of the bare HamiltonianĤ of the system. Our idea is based on two key ingredients: (i) to use dissipation to tailor the accessible Hilbert space S and hence to change the effective Hamiltonian (see Fig. 1 (a)) [23][24][25]; (ii) the noncommutativity of position operators in a constrained Bloch band with a nontrivial Berry curvature [26]. (i) exploits the quantum Zeno (QZ) effect [27][28][29], which is well studied in the context of quantum measurement [30,31] and occurs also for strong dissipation [32-34] as a continuous limit of repeated measurements [23]. (ii) shares the same physics behind the anomalous Hall effect [35]. As schematically illustrated in Figs. 1 (b) and (c), if the entire Hilbert space is tailored into a single Bloch band with a nonzero Berry curvature, a wave packet undergoes transverse motion even ifĤ has no kinetics term. We call such a phenomenon the Zeno Hall effect (ZHE). Our scheme is readily applicable to create a flat band with a tunable Berry curvature, and thus provides an ideal platform to explore quantum many-body physics [36][37][38]. Surprisingly, the wave-packet dynamics in such a flat band is

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“…While this back action can be a useful resource [6][7][8][9][10][11][12], more often it leads to unwanted heating or decoherence [13][14][15][16][17]. We consider measuring the local density of atoms in a lattice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heating from continuous number density measurements in optical lattices

Yanay

Mueller

2014

Phys. Rev. A

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We explore the effects of continuous number density measurement on atoms in an optical lattice. By integrating a master equation for quantum observables, we calculate how single particle correlations decay. We consider weakly-and strongly-interacting bosons and noninteracting fermions. Even in the Mott regime, such measurements destroy correlations and increase the average energy, as long as some hopping is allowed. We explore the role of spatial resolution, and find that the heating rate is proportional to the amount of information gained from such measurements.

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Experimental realization of quantum zeno dynamics

Cited by 172 publications

References 61 publications

Fisher information from stochastic quantum measurements

Fisher information from stochastic quantum measurements

Zeno Hall Effect

Heating from continuous number density measurements in optical lattices

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