“…There are a large number of wear-resistant products developed in the industry, but with different performances, and it is difficult to ensure both cost and wear resistance (Caltaru et al, 2020;Fedorova et al, 2018;Coronado et al, 2009). Bead weld (BW) technology is widely used to improve the wear resistance of drill pipe joints by virtue of its simple equipment operation and stable welding layer quality and low cost; however, in the surfacing operation, the heat-affected area of the drill pipe joint is large, and the repeated surfacing property varies greatly because of the different wear-resistant products, and it is difficult to guarantee the wear resistance and anti-friction properties (Coronado et al, 2009;Buchely et al, 2005;Truhan et al, 2007).…”