Experimental rodent models of chronic prostatitis: effect of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor on chronic pelvic-pain-related behavior

Trends in experimental autoimmune prostatitis: insights into pathogenesis, therapeutic strategies, and redefinition

“…A major problem with animal models in benign urologic research is that the models and endpoints are not standardized (for example, see the variable methods for immunization of EAP mice in Table 1). There is a great need for strategy homogeny within the field to improve reproducibility and comparability between studies [9,12,17,39]. Also, addressing the differences between animal and human physiology regarding disease presentation is needed to develop and achieve clinically relevant endpoints.…”

“…Psychosocial factors significantly contribute to CP/CPPS, correlating with psychiatric symptoms like depression, affecting symptom severity and quality of life [39,45]. Selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, such as duloxetine, effectively alleviate CP/ CPPS-associated pain with favorable side effects [46].…”

“…Addressing sexual dysfunction, phosphodiesterase inhibitors like tadalafil effectively improve CP/CPPS symptoms, especially pain and polyuria [39,48]. Traditional Chinese medicine combined with Western interventions, like alpha-blockers and phosphodiesterase inhibitors, offers a holistic approach [14,49].…”