Experimental Screening for “Systemic Adjuvants of Immunity” Applicable in Cancer Immunotherapy

Mathé, G; Kamel, M.; Dezfulian, M; Hallé-Pannenko, O; Bourut, Charlotte

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-49284-6_21

Cited by 49 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, only a few publications are available concerning the in vivo antitumor effect of the water-soluble substances. Mathe et al (1973Mathe et al ( , 1975 reported that a water soluble substance from BCG described by Hiu (1972) was not effective in an attempt of immunoprophylaxis against murine neoplasms. Cantrell and Wheat (1979) reported that inoculation into mice of a mixture of tumor cells and a hot phenol-water extract from Corynebacterium parvum provided no significant protection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical analyses and antitumor activity of hydrosoluble substances from Mycobacterium bovis, strain BCG.

Sato

Arai

Nagai

et al. 1983

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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--Hydrosoluble substances from BCG were prepared by cold water extraction and by hot phenol-water extraction. Chemical analyses revealed that both of them were derived from cytoplasm. The cold water extract (CWE) was effective in the treatment of C3H/He mice which had received an intraperitoneal inoculation of a syngeneic ascites hepatoma, MH134. The growth of a graft in footpad of mastocytoma P815 in CDF1 mice was retarded by intraperitoneal injections of CWE. A peptidoglycan from cell wall prepared by digestion with lysozyme exerted no antitumor activity in the same experimental condition as for the evaluation of antitumor effect of CWE. These results indicate that the antitumor activity of CWE was not due to the presence of a cell wall component, ----hydrosoluble substance; BCG; antitumor activity; mastocytoma P815There are a number of publications dealing with the effects of mycobacteria on immune response and on antitumor activity. Several fractions of mycobacteria have been investigated in order to identify the chemical constituents which are responsible for these activities and as a result cell wall has been found to have these biological activities.A hot water extract from delipidated BCG, which has been found to be derived from cytoplasm, is adjuvant-active and exhibits weak but significant antitumor activity (Sato et al. 1976(Sato et al. , 1978(Sato et al. , 1979.In this study, a cold water extract from delipidated BCG and a phenolwater extract were prepared to compare their antitumor effects with those of a water soluble substance from cell wall isolated by an enzymatic treatment of BCG.This report deals with the chemical analyses and antitumor activity of the above hydrosoluble substances.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical analyses and antitumor activity of hydrosoluble substances from Mycobacterium bovis, strain BCG.

Sato

Arai

Nagai

et al. 1983

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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“…Mathe et al (1973) compared the immunoprophylactic effects of BCG, MER, C. parvum, poly I-poly C and poly A-poly U administration before tumour (L 1210 and Lewis lung tumour) inoculation, and observed no significant increases in survival times. Proctor et al (1977) found that BCG, levamisole and glucan administered in 4 dose levels (2, 5, 25 and 250 pg/mouse) i.p.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The antitumour activity of maltose tetrapalmitate compared with other immunoadjuvants, and its effectiveness after tumour surgery

Kappany¹,

Chopra²,

Nigam³

et al. 1980

Br J Cancer

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Summary.-The effectiveness of maltose tetrapalmitate (MTP) as an antitumour immune adjuvant was verified by its comparison with other known immunopotentiators, namely BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, levamisole and pyran copolymer. Copenhagen x Fisher 344/CRBL F1 hybrid male rats inoculated s.c. with the Dunning R3327A prostatic adenocarcinoma were used as the test system. All animals treated with immunoadjuvants showed a delay in tumour appearance and inhibition of early tumour growth. MTP was found to be the most effective, followed by levamisole, BCG, pyran copolymer and C. parvum in order of decreasing efficacy. Intratumoral treatment of small or large s.c. tumours with BCG, MTP and C. parvum was ineffective in our cases. However, this treatment was effective with MTP and BCG if they were used against a differentiated form of R3327 tumour. MTP and levamisole were found to be equally effective when given orally in drinking water.Experiments involving surgical excision of tumours followed by MTP therapy in two s.c. implanted animal tumour models (viz. a poorly immunogenic ascites mammary carcinoma 13762 in Fisher 344/CRBL rats, and an SV40 virus-induced sarcoma of low immunogenicity in Syrian hamster) showed beneficial effects of MTP on local tumour recurrence and tumour growth. Pre-and postoperative MTP treatment was at least as effective as postoperative MTP treatment alone.

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“…Adjuvant effect of MAF3 and other fractions of water-extract on antibody production to EA in guinea pigs could not be confirmed in BDF1 mice [8]. Therefore, it is necessary to define the relation between the chemical structure and biological properties of the adjuvant-active component in MAF3.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1972, Hiu reported that MAAF (mycobacterial adjuvant and antitumor fraction)2 was prepared by hydrogenolysis from the delipidated cells of Mycobacterium bovis strain BCG and had sufficient potency to heighten the population of direct plaque-forming cells in spleen against sheep erythrocytes, to induce delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) against egg albumin (EA), and to protect against death from leukemia by murine L 1210 tumor cells [6]. Mathe et al, however, reported that the antitumor activity of MAAF could not be demonstrated for L1210 cells in BDF1 mice and for Lewis tumor cells in Lewis rats [8]. We attempted to confirm whether or not a water-soluble adjuvant can be prepared from delipidated cells of a virulent human type of mycobacteria by the hydrogenolysis described by Hiu [6] and gel filtration with a Sephadex G-100 column Requests Analytical procedures.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation of a Water‐Soluble Adjuvant (MAF3) from Delipidated Cells of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strain Aoyama B by Hydrogenolysis and Gel Filtration

Kumazawa

Shibusawa

Suzuki

et al. 1976

Japanese Journal of Microbiology

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A water-extract from hydrogenolyzed cells of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain Aoyama B was separated into four portions (F-1 to F-4 fractions) by gel filtration with a Sephadex G-100 column. The third peak (called MAF3) eluted from the column was the most adjuvant-active fraction. The molecular weight determined by gel filtration was around 16 000 daltons. MAF3 consisted of heteropolymer(s) composed of approximately 76 to 79% neutral sugars (Ara, Gal, Man, and Glc) and 19% mucopeptide (MurN, GleN, Glu, Ala, Dpm, Gly, Asp, Thr, Ser, Leu, Lys, Arg, His, Pro, Tyr, and Phe). The adjuvanticities of MAF3 and other fractions in water-in-oil emulsion were estimated by the enhancing effect on immune response to egg albumin (EA) in guinea pigs. MAF3 stimulated the production of humoral antibodies, particularly IgG2 antibody specific to the antigen, and induced delayed type hypersensitivity against EA in the skin and cornea of antigen-primed guinea pigs. These adjuvanticities of MAF3 were similar to the characteristics of mycobacterial cell wall in Freund's complete adjuvant.

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Experimental Screening for “Systemic Adjuvants of Immunity” Applicable in Cancer Immunotherapy

Cited by 49 publications

References 17 publications

Chemical analyses and antitumor activity of hydrosoluble substances from Mycobacterium bovis, strain BCG.

Chemical analyses and antitumor activity of hydrosoluble substances from Mycobacterium bovis, strain BCG.

The antitumour activity of maltose tetrapalmitate compared with other immunoadjuvants, and its effectiveness after tumour surgery

Separation of a Water‐Soluble Adjuvant (MAF3) from Delipidated Cells of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strain Aoyama B by Hydrogenolysis and Gel Filtration

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