Experimental Studies of Ice Crystal Accretion on Axisymmetric Bodies at Aeroengine Conditions

Melting of wall-mounted ice in shear flow

“…The validity of the model and its assumptions deserve further comment here. Interesting qualitative observations indirectly related to the present work are in [3,[5][6][7]9,[13][14][15]17,30,34,35] for example, but we have found no quantitative scientific papers in the open literature of direct relevance to this specific modelling study. The problem area addressed in the current work is a fundamental scientific one and we would hope that the findings here may lead to experiments or direct numerical simulations on this fundamental area.…”

“…Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. and sometimes dangerous ways, with similar difficulties also arising in iced-up engines [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. In environmental terms, ice growth or decay is of deep interest [12].…”

“…Other studies of interest include those in [3][4][5] who highlight ice growth occurring when a super-cooled liquid droplet impacts on a solid substrate (wall) with special reference to the aerodynamic application. Related works in the area are in [6][7][8] on ice crystals. Interfacial evolutions in the presence of relatively fast fluid flow with viscous-inviscid interplay are also a feature of dynamic fluid-body interactions addressed in [26,27] for example, sand-flow interactions discussed by Weng et al [28] and surface erosion studied in an interesting paper by [29].…”

Modelling the particle trajectory and melting behaviour of non-spherical ice crystal particles

“…Many existing fundamental ice crystals icing tests (Struk et al, 2011;Bucknell et al, 2019b;Currie et al, 2013Currie et al, , 2014Bucknell et al, 2020) are focusing on the ice accretion due to particle impingement on a test body (wedge aerofoil, cylindrical nose, cone, stator, etc.) after particles have travelled through the working domain from an uniform upstream flowfield.…”

A Review on the Current Status of Icing Physics and Mitigation in Aviation

“…In this situation, only the surface temperature is required to reach the freezing point, which means that this accretion might happen even when the local air temperature is above 0 • C. This unique ice accretion occurs on the static component in the low-pressure compressor and eventually leads to rollback due to the blockage. In addition, this accreted ice can cause damage to compressor blades, rotor blade tip rubs, vibration, surge, and flameout as it is shed from the surface [81]. While the development of analytical models is required to support the engine certification process as well as next-generation engine design, this kind of icing physics has not been well understood since there exists a limited number of ground-test facilities that can reproduce the ice particle ingestion into the aircraft engine at cruise conditions [8].…”