Experimental Studies of Properties of Excited States of Cesium (Rydberg Matter) in the Interelectrode Plasma of a Low-Temperature Thermal to Electric Energy Thermionic Converter

In this work, the probe method of plasma diagnostics is further developed. It is shown that a cylin drical probe, by virtue of its geometry, permits one to reconstruct only even components f 2j of the electron veloc ity distribution function (EVDF). To solve this problem, the method of nonequilibrium plasma diagnostics has been developed. It allows one to reconstruct the full EVDF and record diagrams of directed electron motion using a cylindrical probe. This method was tested in helium plasma of low voltage beam discharge (LBD). The full distribution function has been determined and polar diagrams of directed electron motion in plasma have been constructed. The accuracy of the method is verified by comparison of the experimental data with the results of independent measurements by a flat one sided probe, as well as with the results of numerical simulation.

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“…Using the resolvent method, it can be resolved with respect to functions f 2j : (11) where R j (qU; ε) = and a kj = (-1) k for j = 0, 2, 4, … .…”

Section: Methods Of Anisotropic Plasma Diagnostics By Cylindrical Probesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2a. Figure 2b gives a general scheme of the exper imental setup designed on the model of the setup [11].…”

Section: Possibilities Of the Probe Methodmentioning

confidence: 99%

New possibilities of a cylindrical probe in gas-discharge plasma

Mustafaev

Grabovskiy

2015

High Temp

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“…Testing was also done on the TIC by Yarygin et al, who observed similarities like the very low work function, and distinctions like the discharge pulse repetition rate [27]. A review on the field is also provided [28], discussing and comparing the TIC efficiency, set-ups and results.…”

Section: Rydberg Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Condensed Excited (Rydberg) Matter: Perspective and Applications

Aasen

Zeiner-Gundersen

et al. 2021

J Clust Sci

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A condensed excited matter called Rydberg Matter (RM) have been studied experimentally for 30 years, but have not sparked widespread attention yet, unlike ordinary Rydberg atoms. RM formed by clusters of Rydberg atoms at a solid surface have a longer lifetime compared to Rydberg atoms, and is liquid-like. This review describes how the RM state is generated, and its potential applications. These include using RM for research into catalysis, space phenomena and sensor applications, or for producing environmentally friendly energy. A background on RM is presented, with its structure and special properties, and the working principle of RM generation. The experimental set-ups, materials, and detectors used are discussed, together with methods to improve the amount of RM produced. The materials used for the catalysts are of special interest, as this should have a large influence on the energy of the RM, and therefore also on the applications. Currently most of the catalysts used are potassium doped iron oxide designed for styrene production, which should give the possibility of improvements. And as there is little knowledge on the exact mechanisms for RM formation, suggestions are given as to where research should start.

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“…Residual gases in the vacuum chamber in which the emission of electrons occurs, i.e. their ionization and interaction with the cathode and anode, also have a significant effect [15,27,35,[43][44][45]. Thus, the ad-sorption of some types of atoms can significantly change the electronic structure of the surface, including the formation of emission centres with a reduced work function.…”

Section: Daysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Temperature Thermionic Converters Based on Metal–Nanostructured Carbon Composites

Galstian¹,

Len²,

Цапко³

et al. 2020

Metallofiz. Noveishie Tekhnol.

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The present work is devoted to the search for new electrode materials for lowtemperature thermionic energy converters (TECs). As shown, the carbon nanostructures (СNS) adding to pure powdered titanium in an amount of 3-9% wt. and their subsequent mechanical mixing leads to the formation of composites that acquire new qualities that were not present in any of their original pure constituents. Thus, the significant changes in the mechanical and electrical characteristics of composites are observed. For example, the electrical conductivity is changed up to 2 orders in initial state of composites as well as its maximum values after samples' compaction are increased (1.6-5 times) in comparison with both the pure Ti powder and the pure thermally extended graphite (TEG) in corresponding compression states. Such changes are caused by the presence of contacts between the metal particles and the CNS in the metal-nanocarbon composites and, accordingly, the possibility of the transition of free charges, including hot charges, from the metal to the CNS.

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Experimental Studies of Properties of Excited States of Cesium (Rydberg Matter) in the Interelectrode Plasma of a Low-Temperature Thermal to Electric Energy Thermionic Converter

Cited by 17 publications

References 10 publications

New possibilities of a cylindrical probe in gas-discharge plasma

New possibilities of a cylindrical probe in gas-discharge plasma

A Condensed Excited (Rydberg) Matter: Perspective and Applications

Low-Temperature Thermionic Converters Based on Metal–Nanostructured Carbon Composites

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