Experimental Studies on Carbon Dioxide Absorbers for Anesthesia

Adriani, John; Rovenstine, E. A.

doi:10.1097/00000542-194101000-00001

Cited by 34 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…This study demonstrates that breakthrough of CO 2 occurs more quickly in a lime without strong bases; however, the chief determinant of longevity in this study was the canister design. The effects of tidal volume, canister volume and canister shapes have been well researched and reported in the literature [10, 11]. To permit effective absorption of CO 2 with any agent, there must be a minimum resident time of the gas over the absorbent surface and this varies widely between absorbent canisters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The in vitro performance of carbon dioxide absorbents with and without strong alkali

Bedi¹,

Gallagher²,

Fee³

et al. 2001

Anaesthesia

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We report the in vitro longevity of a conventional soda lime carbon dioxide absorbent and an absorbent free from strong alkali (Amsorb™). Although the times taken to breakthrough of carbon dioxide (> 0.5%) within an in vitro low flow breathing systern were shorter with the alkali‐free absorbent, we found that the size and shape of the absorbent container was the major factor in determining the efficiency of the carbon dioxide absorbents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The in vitro performance of carbon dioxide absorbents with and without strong alkali

Bedi¹,

Gallagher²,

Fee³

et al. 2001

Anaesthesia

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“…In an anaesthesia circle system, conditions are unfavorable for growth of bacteria, not only due to lack of nourishment, but also due to shifts in humidity and temperature (9). A preventive effect of the alkaline environment of the soda lime against transmission of bacteria, has also been suggested (10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low–flow anaesthesia does not increase the risk of microbial contamination through the circle absorber system

Bengtson¹,

Brandberg²,

Brinkhoff³

et al. 1989

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand

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In the circle absorber system, a decrease in fresh gas flow means a higher degree of rebreathing, and, consequently, a higher temperature and humidity within the system. With our present hygienic routines, the circle system tubings are changed and decontaminated once daily. Thus, the same circle system is used for several patients each day. In order to evaluate whether the risk of bacterial contamination increased with the introduction of low-flow anaesthesia, 122 patients anaesthetized with either a low-flow technique (less than 1.5 l fresh gas flow/min) or with medium fresh gas flows (3-6 l/min) were studied. Bacterial samples were taken preoperatively from the oropharynx and postoperatively from five locations in the circle system. The patients were studied postoperatively for signs of respiratory tract infection. There were few positive bacteria cultures from the tubings in the circle system, regardless of fresh gas flow. No pathogens were found in the inspiratory tubings and no cases of postoperative respiratory tract infection could be related to bacterial spread from the anaesthesia machine. There were no indications that the present hygienic management was insufficient for the medium- or the low-flow circle system techniques.

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“…4). This problem has been studied by ADRIANI & ROVENSTINE (1941). They were unable to demonstrate the passage of bacteria through a carbon dioxide absorber used in model experiments.…”

Section: Cross Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Dioxide Elimination from Circle Systems

Jørgensen

1974

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand

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Ten various circle systems were studied in model experiments. All the experiments were performed using a Waters cannister containing 675–685 g of Durasorbr̀. 300 ml of carbon dioxide were supplied to the system per min. The efficacy of these systems was expressed as the time taken to demonstrate a concentration of 0.6% carbon dioxide in the gas mixture supplied to the patient connection during each respiratory cycle. The carbon dioxide elimination was studied at a gas flow of 2, 4 and 6 1 per min. All the systems showed an effective carbon dioxide elimination for 6 h or more at a flow of 2 1. An increasing efficacy was found with increasing flow, but to a varying extent. A circle system where all the components, including the cannister and directional valves, can be replaced after use is recommended owing to the risk of cross contamination. A soda‐lime charge of 600–700 g is advantageous. For anesthetic procedures of less than 1 h, other techniques should be employed as they are more economical.

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Experimental Studies on Carbon Dioxide Absorbers for Anesthesia

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

The in vitro performance of carbon dioxide absorbents with and without strong alkali

The in vitro performance of carbon dioxide absorbents with and without strong alkali

Low–flow anaesthesia does not increase the risk of microbial contamination through the circle absorber system

Carbon Dioxide Elimination from Circle Systems

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