Experimental Studies on the Occurrence of Low-Speed Pre-Ignition in Turbocharged GDI Engines

Recent Progress in Automotive Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Technology

“…These deposits persist and are heated during the following cycle to serve as ignition sources. Similar findings have been reported by other researchers [78,79]. Wang et al [80] used heated carbon particles as surrogates for detached deposits to initiate pre-ignition.…”

Experimental and Numerical Study of Abnormal Combustion in Direct Injection Spark Ignition Engines Using Conventional and Alternative Fuels

“…The reasons for preignition can be investigated by optical diagnostics, which was shown by Palaveev et 8,9,16,24,25 Flame luminescence imaging was applied basically using a conventional charge-coupled device camera by Zaccardi et al 12 More recently, an optical-fiber endoscope and a high-speed photomultiplier camera were used by Dahnz et al and Palaveev et al 24,26 12,24,26 because they used only conventional gasoline fuels, except the previous investigations by Hulser et al and Pischinger et al 8,9 The most important difference between the previous investigations by Hulser et al and Pischinger et al 8,9 and the current investigation is the injector targeting, which apparently reduces preignition caused by oil/ fuel droplets substantially as demonstrated below. According to the previous investigations by Zahdeh et al and Dahnz and Spicher, 11,16 liner wetting was found to be one of the most important potential reasons for preignition in DI spark ignition (SI) engines.…”

“…The reasons for preignition can be investigated by optical diagnostics, which was shown by Palaveev et al, Zahdeh et al, Magar et al, Hülser et al, and Pischinger et al ,,,, Flame luminescence imaging was applied basically using a conventional charge-coupled device camera by Zaccardi et al More recently, an optical-fiber endoscope and a high-speed photomultiplier camera were used by Dahnz et al and Palaveev et al , State-of-the-art intensified high-speed cameras were also employed by Zahdeh et al, Magar et al, Hülser et al, and Pischinger et al ,,, …”

Wpływ smarowego oleju silnikowego na powstawanie przedwczesnego zapłonu w silniku o zapłonie iskrowym podczas pracy w zakresie małej prędkości obrotowej

“…W związku z powyższym istnieje kilka teorii co do mechanizmu powstawania omawianego zjawiska i czynników na nie wpływających. Koncepcja najczęściej cytowana w literaturze zakłada, że najważniejszymi czynnikami mającymi wpływ na proces nienormalnego spalania typu LSPI jest konstrukcja silnika, warunki jego pracy i właściwości silnikowego oleju smarowego w powiązaniu z właściwościami paliwa (Magar et al, 2015;Döhler i Pritze, 2013;Welling et al, 2014). Badania przeprowadzone w ośrodku badawczym firmy Toyota, ale także firm Ford oraz GM wskazały na duże znaczenie rozpraszania w komorze spalania silnika kropelek smarowego oleju silnikowego, mogącego stanowić źródło powstania LSPI (Takeuchi et al, 2012;Dingle et al, 2014;Qi et al, 2014;Li et al, 2019).…”