Experimental study and calculation of the effect of intensifying additives on the strength of superphosphate granules

Kelbaliyev, G. I.; Самедли, В. М.; Самедов, М. М.; Касимова, Р. К.

doi:10.1134/s1070427213100030

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Fertilizers can be considered typical materials with a brittle failure mode. Fertilizer granules are porous, containing various mineral compounds with many flaws, dislocations, and crystal edges. , Any discontinuity in the fertilizer granule bulk should be treated as a defect and the reason for the stress concentration. The mechanical damage to the fertilizer granule results from brittle failure due to an abrupt disastrous increase of a decisive defect under tensile stress induced in the material bulk.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled-Release Fertilizer Prepared Using a Biodegradable Aliphatic Copolyester of Poly(butylene succinate) and Dimerized Fatty Acid

Lubkowski

Smorowska

Grzmil

et al. 2015

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The preparation and characterization of a controlled-release multicomponent (NPK) fertilizer with the coating layer consisting of a biodegradable copolymer of poly(butylene succinate) and a butylene ester of dilinoleic acid (PBS/DLA) is reported. The morphology and structure of the resulting polymer-coated materials and the thickness of the covering layers were examined using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The mechanical properties of these materials were determined with a strength-testing machine. Nutrient release was measured in water using spectrophotometry, potentiometry, and conductivity methods. The results of the nutrient release experiments from these polymer-coated materials were compared with the requirements for controlled-release fertilizers. A conceptual model is presented describing the mechanism of nutrient release from the materials prepared in this study. This model is based on the concentrations of mineral components inside the water-penetrated fertilizer granules, the diffusion properties of the nutrients in water, and a diffusion coefficient through the polymer layer. The experimental kinetic data on nutrient release were interpreted using the sigmoidal model equation developed in this study.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled-Release Fertilizer Prepared Using a Biodegradable Aliphatic Copolyester of Poly(butylene succinate) and Dimerized Fatty Acid

Lubkowski

Smorowska

Grzmil

et al. 2015

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…Binders enhanced the desired properties of granulates destined for solid fuel combustion in furnaces, such as lowering SO 2 emissions in the exhaust gas, lowering iron oxide, and adjusting the melting point of combustion ash. A variety of substances were mixed in with fine coal as asphalt, bentonite, cement, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, dextrin, clay, organic glue, starch, silica, sulphite lye, molasses, pitch, ferrous sulphate, water glass, synthetic polymers, limestones, and lime [73]. Brief characteristics of some components which are additives with fine coals are presented below:…”

Section: Compound Bindersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using of Adhesives and Binders for Agglomeration of Particle Waste Resources

Alsaqoor¹,

Borowski²,

Alahmer³

et al. 2022

Adv. Sci. Technol. Res. J.

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This review presents the usage of adhesives and binders for agglomeration of particle materials, including waste, in order to obtain strong bodies. The binding materials were classifi ed into three categories: inorganic binders, organic binders, and compound binders. Many examples of the agglomeration eff ect of binders in view of their adhesive and thickening reveal that they have a signifi cant impact on the qualities and use of waste lumps. Binders for fi ne waste granulation, briquetting, and pelletizing were demonstrated in-depth. In all cases, the mechanical strength of the agglomerates produced was increased. It was observed that the majority of the additives may be easily obtained from waste resources, posing a minimal environmental risk.

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“…They have a significantly higher bulk density than the starting material and do not cause dusting or caking. There is also no segregation of ingredients, which guarantees a homogeneous composition of specific products [Kelbaliyev et al 2013].…”

Section: Granulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Particle Agglomeration Techniques to Waste Utilization

Borowski¹

2021

J. Ecol. Eng.

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Particulate materials and waste from industrial processes are troublesome in storage, transport and utilization, mainly due to their large volume and dusting. Therefore, originally the main reason for developing the agglomeration processes was to eliminate the afore-mentioned disadvantages. However, the modifications introduced to the merging processes of materials enabled obtaining a new type of products widely used in various applications. For the agglomeration of the inorganic materials, often containing hazardous substances, the disposal and transformation technologies are available for the safe products that can be used, for example, in civil engineering and construction. In turn, the agglomeration of the materials containing organic substances or fine coal, producing alternative fuels for energy recovery. Obviously, the combustion of these fuels results in a subsequent generation of waste in the form of bottom and fly ash, but they can be successfully further agglomerated to produce more valuable products. The numerous examples of the use of various agglomeration techniques to complete utilization of fine grains was shown. An additional effect of the agglomeration processes was also the fulfilment of the economy criteria, which matches with the principles of sustainable development of the environment. Supporting by worldwide literature, the selected agglomeration techniques were discussed, such as: solidification, granulation, extrusion, briquetting, as well as post-agglomeration high-temperature processing.

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Experimental study and calculation of the effect of intensifying additives on the strength of superphosphate granules

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Controlled-Release Fertilizer Prepared Using a Biodegradable Aliphatic Copolyester of Poly(butylene succinate) and Dimerized Fatty Acid

Controlled-Release Fertilizer Prepared Using a Biodegradable Aliphatic Copolyester of Poly(butylene succinate) and Dimerized Fatty Acid

Using of Adhesives and Binders for Agglomeration of Particle Waste Resources

An Overview of Particle Agglomeration Techniques to Waste Utilization

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