Experimental study and in-situ FBG monitoring of process-induced strains during autoclave co-curing, co-bonding and secondary bonding of composite laminates

Moretti, Laure; Olivier, Philippe; Castanié, Bruno; Bernhart, Gérard

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2020.106224

Cited by 30 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Then, the upper and lower skins and honeycomb core are glued together using a secondary bonding method. Thus, the manufacturing process is complicated, and the manufacturing cost is high [ 15 ]. In contrast, the VARI process could make all the components in a single molding step, resulting in the rapid and low-cost manufacturing of sandwich structures [ 4 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resin Flow Analysis for the Foam Core Sandwich Spoiler by Vacuum-Assisted Resin Injection Process

Yan

Xia

et al. 2022

Materials

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This article presents the numerical analysis and experimental investigation for the manufacturing of a foam core sandwich spoiler by vacuum-assisted resin injection (VARI) process. To find an injection scheme that guarantees both a good impregnation of the preform and a filling time compatible with the process window, the finite element model (FEM) was applied to analyze the effect of different injection schemes on the resin flow front patterns. Based on the obtained results, two optimal injection schemes are selected to form the spoiler structure. The experimental results show that the best molding quality can be achieved from the thick-end injection with a thin-end exit scheme. The comparison between simulation and experimental results shows that the overall deviation of the numerical analysis on resin flow time is 15.9%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resin Flow Analysis for the Foam Core Sandwich Spoiler by Vacuum-Assisted Resin Injection Process

Yan

Xia

et al. 2022

Materials

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“…Oliveira et al [ 14 ] investigated influences of four types of tools, including aluminum, steel, carbon composites and carbon foam, on the internal stresses of carbon fiber composites during autoclave curing using embedded fiber Bragg gratings. Moretti et al [ 15 ] used an experimental approach to examine the effect of curing processes, such as co-curing, co-bonding, and secondary bonding, on the geometric stability of composite laminates. However, composite curing experiments are often costly, time-consuming, and not conducive to parametric studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analytical Model for Cure-Induced Deformation of Composite Laminates

et al. 2022

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Curing deformation prediction plays an important role in guiding the tools, curing process design, etc. Analytical methods can provide a rapid prediction and in-depth understanding of the curing deformation mechanism. In this paper, an analytical model is presented to study the cure-induced deformation of composite laminates. Based on the classical laminate theory, the thermal stress and deformation of composites during the curing process are calculated by considering the evolution of the mechanical properties of resin. Additionally, the coupling stiffness of the laminate is taken into consideration in the analytical model. An interface layer between the tool and the part is developed to simulate the variation of the tool–part interaction with the degree of resin cure. The maximum curing deformations and deformation profiles of different lay-up composite parts predicted by the proposed model are compared with the results of the finite element method and previous literature reports. Then, a comprehensive parametric study is carried out to investigate the influence of curing cycle, geometry, tool thermal expansion, and resin characteristics on the curing deformation of composite parts. The results reveal that geometry has a significant influence on the curing deformation of composite parts, but for dimensionally determined parts, curing deformation is mainly attributable to their own anisotropy in macro and micro aspects, as well as the stretching effect of the tool on the part. The percentage contribution of different factors to curing deformation composites with different lay-ups and geometries is also discussed.

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“…It has become the main connection technology for CFRP materials in the aerospace field [12]. In the aerospace industry, the bonding of CFRPs includes co-curing, co-bonding, and secondary bonding [13]. The CFRP laminate is used in co-bonding and secondary bonding [14][15][16][17], so the surface treatment has an important influence on the bonding performance [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Treatment of Composites with Bismaleimide Resin-Based Wet Peel Ply for Enhanced Adhesive Bonding Performance

Zhao

Qiao

et al. 2021

Polymers

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Surface treatment is typically required to improve the bonding performance of carbon-fiber-reinforced composites. Herein, a wet peel ply was prepared using bismaleimide (BMI) resins as a matrix resin. The temperature–heating rate extrapolation method and rheological method were employed to study the reaction characteristics and viscosity-temperature characteristics of the matrix in the BMI wet peel ply. The curing temperatures of the BMI wet peel ply and the BMI prepreg were the same (200 °C), making this wet peel ply suitable for co-curing with the BMI prepreg. After treatment with the wet peel ply, the bonding strength of the BMI composite joint showed a mean shear strength of 35.5 MPa, which was 1.72% higher than that of the sanded composite and 17.5% higher than that of the composite treated with the dry peel ply. In addition, the BMI composite treated with the BMI wet peel ply exhibited good bonding stability with a coefficient of variation of 3.9. After damp-heat aging for 1440 h, the retention rate of shear strength at room-temperature was 82.3%. The relatively loosely woven carrier in the BMI wet peel ply increased the surface roughness of the composite, thus improving the bonding strength.

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Experimental study and in-situ FBG monitoring of process-induced strains during autoclave co-curing, co-bonding and secondary bonding of composite laminates

Cited by 30 publications

References 36 publications

Resin Flow Analysis for the Foam Core Sandwich Spoiler by Vacuum-Assisted Resin Injection Process

Resin Flow Analysis for the Foam Core Sandwich Spoiler by Vacuum-Assisted Resin Injection Process

An Analytical Model for Cure-Induced Deformation of Composite Laminates

Surface Treatment of Composites with Bismaleimide Resin-Based Wet Peel Ply for Enhanced Adhesive Bonding Performance

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